Quiz Question Flashcards
He contribution of Kabat, Knott, and Voss included exercise in
Diagonal planes of motion
Therapeutic exercise during initial recovery from ligamentous injury will
Provide controlled stress in order to promote collagen fiber alignment
Patient is recovering from an Achilles’ tendon injury. She is now able to do pain free motion. What’s her next therapeutic exercise she will do?
One or two concentric exercise
Prolonged immobilization will NOT result in..
Increase lubrication to joint surfaces
Muscle spindles will respond to..
Length
Velocity
Golgi tendon does
Sends message to brain
Muscle relaxes
Load is relaxed
Two types of stretching.
Static
Ballistic
What is static stretching ?
Muscle is slowly elongated to tolerance a position held for a tolerable length .
What is ballistic
Repetitive bouncing or jerking movements
Proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation is..
Contraction before a static stretch of the muscles is the mainstay of the PNF techniques for increased flexibility..
In the time of the Christian Era (BC) Exercise was though to…
Increase strength and mental attitude
Alpha motor neuron..
Neuron in spinal cord and brain stem that takes the message to the Muscle fibres of skeletal muscle and INITIATES MUSCLE CONTRACTION
Afferent sensory nerves
Nerves that sense a stimulus and send info about it to your CNS - towards spinal cord efferent from spinal cord back to tissue
Apophyses
Natural protuberance from a bone
Arthrokinematics
Joint movement that isn’t voluntary
Autogenic inhibition
Signals from GTO to override impulses that cause relaxation
Calcification
Accumulation of Calcium salts, occurs in formation of bone, feels hard
Closed pack position.
2 joint surfaces fit together tightly compressed
Epiphysis
Founded end of a long bone at its joint with adjacent bone growth pate
4 ways to measure ROM
Functional, estimating, goniometer, linear measurements
Afferent nerve means?
Towards the spinal cord
Efferent nerve means?
Away from the spinal cord
What type of afferent neuron is found in GTO?
IB
Where are GTO’s formed?
Meuscolotendinus junction
Isometric muscle contraction is?
muscle stays the same length.
Isotonic muscle contraction is?
Change length of spindles
VAS stands for?
Visual Analog Scale= Pain scale
3 phases of healing?
Inflammatory, Repair, connective tissue formation and remodeling
What is the time frame of phase 1.
24-48 hrs.
7-10 days.
What is the time frame of phase 2.
48 hrs -6 weeks.
What is the time frame of phase 3.
3 weeks-12 weeks.
What type of callagen is produced in phase 2?
Type Callagen III
Type Callagen III turns into what type in phase 3?
Type Callagen I
The motion that is preformed and controlled as a combined effort of both the patient and a wall pulley in the sagital plane. This type of joint movement is called?
AAROM
The patient preforms a straight leg raise in the supine position. As the leg is lowered, the motion is called?
Active hip extension range of motion
The full amount of joint motion available at the wrist is based on?
Intrinsic and extrinsic factors
The wear and tear with age and micro trauma occurring at the hip in a patient who worked in construction trades limited the ROM at his hip. This is an example of ?
Extrinsic limitations.
The benefits of AROM, AAROM, PROM are?
Reduction in the perception of joint pain,
Maintenance of joint mobility and nutrition,
Prevention of venous stasis and formation of blood clots.
When working with an elderly person on restoring ROM and PTA should?
Make sure the new motions are incorporated into a functional activity
The amount of joint motion produced by voluntary muscle contraction is called?
AROM
What intrinsic factors affect ROM?
Muscle flexibility
True or False, AAROM is an effective activity for increasing muscular strength.
FALSE
Macro trauma means
one single force
EPA Stands for?
Electrical Physical Agents
Therapeutic exercise means?
Activities used to help promote status, help prevent pain
who is considered the father of therapeutic exercise
herodicus
what does PRE mean
progressive resistance exercise
single injurious force?
macro trauma
series of small forces
micro trauma
describe phase 1 healing
inflammatory response - injury happens and body responds by stabilizing the injured site. includes signs of redness, heat, loss of function, swelling, pain
describe phase 2 healing
proliferation stage - tissue regeneration occurs from the blood vessels receiving new oxygen and nutrients, type 3 collagen (thin& weak) is produced
describe phase 3 healing
connective tissue formation and remodeling- type 3 collagen is turned to type 1. occurs after wound is closed, non functional fibroblasts are replaced by functional ones
is tissue repair an adaptive intrinsic and extrinsic process?
yes
what is the most efficient determinant of tissue healing?
Blood supply.
do tissues have different rates of healing?
yes
what are the two joint capsule layers?
external layer and internal layer
why is the musculotendinous junction a critical zone?
the collagen fibers of the tendon merge with the contractile units of the muscle
what are the 3 types of cartilage >?
elastic(allows greater amounts of deformation), hyaline (ends of bones,provides low friction surface), fibrocartilage(between bones that require little motion, designed to sustain repeated loads and stress)
what are the 4 physical agents used to treat
thermotherapy, cyrotherapy, hydrotherapy, sound agents
what are electrotherapeutic modalities
group of agents using electricity & are used to assist functional training, decrease pain , increase circulation, assist muscle generation and contraction
what does AG stand for
against gravity
what does GE stand for
gravity eliminated
what does WNL stand for
within normal limits
what does d/c stand for
discontinue
basic definition of ROM?
how much you can move a joint
what two types of ROM are non gravitational
AAROM and PROM
what is PROM
movement controlled by efforts of an external force without the use of voluntary muscle contraction by the person
what is AAROM
movements controlled by the voluntary muscular efforts of the individual combined with an external forces help
what is AROM
movements controlled by the voluntary muscular efforts of individual without assistance
what is osteokinematic motion
movement of whole bone resulting from rolling or sliding among the articulating bone
what 3 factors affect ROM
intrinsic, extrinsic, immobilization
how long do you hold an autogenic inhibition stretch
10-15 seconds with tension added
the GTO responds to tension and prevents injury by relaxing the muscle…. true or false
TRUE
autogenic inhibition utilizes what structure?
GTO
is recripocal inhibition when the opposite muscle relaxes while the other contracts
yes
how long do you hold a stretch with geriatrics and why
60 seconds, and because tissues are tighter and need longer to stretch out
do you use ballistic stretching with pediatrics and geriatrics ?
no because they are at greater risk for injury
what do muscle spindles contain
afferent nerve fibers and 1a and type 2 nerve afferents
what type of afferent neuron is found in GTOs
1b
where are GTOs found?
musculotendinus junction
is a tendon stronger then muscle
yes because they are thicker
what do intrafusal muscle fibers do
detect the change of length in muscle inside of muscle spindle
what is proprioception
reception of stimuli in body
what is PNF
increased ROM by using diagonal patterns of movement
what do extrinsic muscle fibers do
contract and produce movement OUTSIDE of muscle fiber
what do mechanoreceptors do
respond to distortion
what do alpha motor neurons do
in spinal cord and brain, initiate muscle contraction
what is an apophysis
natural protuberance from a bone
what is a closed pack position
2 joint surfaces fitting together
what is an epiphysis
rounded end of a long bone
muscle spindles respond to what
length of muscle and velocity
