quiz one

Question 1

what is the lifecycle of beef cattle

Answer 1

breeding
9 m. gestation
calving
6-8 m. weaning
5-18 m. feed lot
harvest

Question 2

describe cow calf infrastructure

Answer 2

maintain herds and raise calves
calve during feb-april

Question 3

describe seedstock infrastructure

Answer 3

specialized producers
provide genetic material

Question 4

describe stocker infrastructure

Answer 4

add weight via foraging
low cost

Question 5

describe feedlot infrastructure

Answer 5

fed high energy diet (aka finishing diet) to turn fat white
90-200 days
increase palatability of meat

Question 6

describe grass finished beef

Answer 6

grow slower
yellow fat
longer to finish
high quality
grazing management, not overstocking

Question 7

describe cull cow feeding

Answer 7

75 lbs = increase of 1 bcs
thick white fat

Question 8

describe packers

Answer 8

harvest and process 80%+ of cattle

Question 9

define purveyors

Answer 9

buy, fabricate, and resell beef

Question 10

define distributors

Answer 10

buy and resell beef

Question 11

define retailer

Answer 11

accounts for 1/3 of meat sales

Question 12

define consumer

Answer 12

determines profitability

Question 13

what does handling and restraint depend on

Answer 13

temperament
size
experience
design of facilities

Question 14

how well is temperament heritable

Answer 14

medium to high

Question 15

what are the 4 points of temperament

Answer 15

1. stands quietly
2. restlessness
3. struggles constantly
4. frenzied activity

Question 16

how long do cattle need to calm down

Answer 16

at least half an hour

Question 17

what is important about cattle and sound

Answer 17

they can be trained to come when called
easily disturbed by loud or unusual noise

Question 18

what is important about cattle and vision

Answer 18

they have 310-360° vision
sensitive to shadow and movements
tend to move toward light

Question 19

what is important about cattle and pressure and release

Answer 19

stimulate movement by entering the flight zone or light touching
release pressure when cattle move

Question 20

what is important about cattle and prods

Answer 20

avoid hot shots as much as possible
use paddles or sticks and noisemakers

Question 21

describe working chutes

Answer 21

used for vaccines, sprays, etc
v shaped w adjustable sides

Question 22

describe squeeze chutes and head gates

Answer 22

straight and automatic
positive: guillotine like w complete head control and risk of choking
curve: vertical with curved neck baf

Question 23

describe net wire

Answer 23

square on square
recommend barbed/electric wire on top to prevent reaching over

Question 24

describe hot ground electric fences

Answer 24

must touch live and ground wire to get shocked

Question 25

describe an all hot electric fence

Answer 25

live wire conducts with the ground to shock animals

Question 26

describe high tensile

Answer 26

electric or non electric
longer life at a lower cost
but be tightened 1-2x/yr to keep shape

Question 27

describe virtual fencing

Answer 27

collars that shock cows to keep them in range
use cellular data and locatiin

Question 28

how should one go about weaning

Answer 28

move the cows, NOT the calves
separate them across a single fence to lessen stress
place a dry mature cow with the calves as well

Question 29

what is needed for a feedlot

Answer 29

adequate watering and space
mounds
good drains

Question 30

describe ear tags

Answer 30

common id form
gets lost easily

Question 31

describe tattoos

Answer 31

permanent id
fade and change as an animal matures
hard to read on dark skin

Question 32

describe electronic ids

Answer 32

implant that monitors animals
use special readers and radio waves or bar codes

Question 33

describe freeze branding

Answer 33

dry ice with alcohol or liquid nitrogen
hair turns and grows in white
hard to see on light cattle and time consuming