nutrition quiz

Question 1

what are advantages of ruminants

Answer 1

forage utilization, nonprotein N utilization, vitamin synthesis

Question 2

what are disadvantages of ruminants

Answer 2

excess gas production, inefficient N utilization, digestive problesm

Question 3

what can be useful for ruminants

Answer 3

heat of fermentation

Question 4

basic classes of nutrients

Answer 4

water
carbs
fats
minerals
vitamins

Question 5

basics needs of animals

Answer 5

water
energy
protein
minerals
vitamins

Question 6

what are nutrients used for

Answer 6

maintenance and production

Question 7

explain the need for water

Answer 7

given ad lib
clean water improves performance

Question 8

describe the need for energy

Answer 8

most limiting nutrient
given in concentrates and roughages
TND and net energy

Question 9

what does energy change for

Answer 9

body weight
milk production
breed
weather
age
pregnancy
body condition

Question 10

what are the 3 types of protein

Answer 10

crude
degradable intake
ungradable intake

Question 11

what does protein change for

Answer 11

body weight
milk production
growth
pregnancy

Question 12

what are the macro minerals

Answer 12

calcium
phosphorus
magnesium
salt (NaCl)
potassium
sulfur

Question 13

what’re the trace minerals

Answer 13

copper
zinc
manganese
cobalt
iodine
iron
selenium

Question 14

where is calcium found

Answer 14

roughages

Question 15

when is phosphorus found

Answer 15

during the harvest season

Question 16

when is salt needed

Answer 16

it is craved

Question 17

when is magnesium found

Answer 17

summer

Question 18

what’re the fat soluble vitamins

Answer 18

A
D
E
K

Question 19

where does vitamin A come from

Answer 19

carotenes from growing plants

Question 20

how much vitamin A is stored in the liver

Answer 20

2-4 months worth

Question 21

what are the water soluble vitamins

Answer 21

B

Question 22

explain grain analysis

Answer 22

collect samples various times while unloading with a grain prob

Question 23

explain hay analysis

Answer 23

coring tools cut into 10+ bales/field

Question 24

explain silage analysis

Answer 24

occurs after ensiling

Question 25

describe dry matter

Answer 25

animals eat to meet requirements of nutriton

Question 26

describe protein

Answer 26

measures heat damage (carbon basis)

Question 27

describe energy

Answer 27

multiple sources

Question 28

describe mycotoxins

Answer 28

found in moldy grain

Question 29

describe ADF

Answer 29

largely indigestible and inversely related to energy

Question 30

describe NDF

Answer 30

primarily cell wall inversley related to intake

Question 31

what is relative feed value

Answer 31

ADF and NDF used mostly for alfalfa

Question 32

what is NIR

Answer 32

focuses on one species, forage, or grain cheap

Question 33

what is wet chemistry

Answer 33

mixed forages or rations expensive

Question 34

what are advantages of natural grass

Answer 34

evolved under grazing incluses perennials, shrubs, trees and some legumes

Question 35

what are disadvantages of natural grass

Answer 35

short season low nutritional value not tolerant of grazing decreased soil fertility

Question 36

what are benefits of planted grass

Answer 36

selected for grazing bermuda is best

Question 37

what is multispecies grazing

Answer 37

increases stocking rate by 10-20% improves pasture mix

Question 38

what are supplements used for

Answer 38

improves animal performance and facilitates handling

Question 39

what does supplements depend on

Answer 39

depends on availability, supply, and requirements

Question 40

what is hay

Answer 40

respiration leaf shatter leaching overcured first cutting

Question 41

what is used to help feeding loss

Answer 41

ring cradle ground

Question 42

define bale grazing

Answer 42

hay is set out for winter months for controlled grazing

Question 43

describe energy supplements

Answer 43

most limited ration composition depends on level sources: corn, sorghum, barley, oats, wheat

Question 44

what are some main energy sources

Answer 44

cottonseed brewers grain distillers grain

Question 45

what're the three types of protein

Answer 45

low bypass medium bypass high bypass (either low and high, or just medium)

Question 46

what are the basic approaches to giving minerals

Answer 46

supply all traces supply half the traces test to find what is missing

Question 47

where is vitamin A found

Answer 47

leafy green hay protein supplement or injection liver

Question 48

what considerations must be made for feeding

Answer 48

consistency availability handlings minerals and vitamins

Question 49

what are the 4 compositions

Answer 49

laboratory analysis feed analysis tables energy protein

Question 50

what are the supplement delivery types

Answer 50

hand feeding grazing limited intake palatability hardness high quality forages

Question 51

what is colostrum

Answer 51

first milk containing immunoglobulins and energy

Question 52

what is creep feeding

Answer 52

an enclosed feeding trough only the calves can reach contains a high fiber diet to help them get used to eating grass

Question 53

what are advantages of creep feeding

Answer 53

increased weaning weight increased sell price useful for skeletal framed calves decreased weaning stress useful for droughts

Question 54

what are disadvantages of creep feeding

Answer 54

does not usually cover the cost may be converted not good for replacement heifers no major weight difference decreased price for fleshy cattle

Question 55

what do stockers do

Answer 55

increase illness risk feed recommended rations offer feed before water 1.5 lb gain/day

Question 56

what do feed lots depend on

Answer 56

age, weight, and sex cost of available feeds grown vs. purchased feeds different diet groups length of feeding time

Question 57

how do feedlots feed

Answer 57

100% roughage - 100% concentrate

Question 58

classes of implants

Answer 58

low or medium potency estrogen androgen combination low or high potency

Question 59

where are implants located

Answer 59

the middle 1/3 of ear

Question 60

what do implants cause

Answer 60

reduced marbling by 28 points choice or higher by 10 points

Question 61

what are the 5 main types of feed additives

Answer 61

antibiotics ionophores coccidiosis MGA beta-agonists