quiz on salivary glands and tonsils Flashcards
origin of salivary glands
ectodermal (epithelium)
origin of the outer capsule and septa
CT from mesenchyme
salivary glands consist of many____ where saliva is excreted and a system of _____, which collect and transport the saliva
acini
ducts
cluster of pyramidal shaped cells that secrete into terminal collecting ducts
alveolus or acinus
secretory end piece or intercalated duct
collected duct
1st duct the acini encounter; on outer/terminal part of the gland
intercalated duct
secrete serous saliva
nucleus is oval to round
nuclei is in the basal part of cell
protein secreting cell; filled with albumin(purple stain)
serous acini
clear; not as purple
flattened nucleus in basal part of cell
contains large drops of mucin with CHOs
mucous
secrete serous and mucous; in submandibular salivary gland
serous demilunes
mucous cell covered with a layer of serous cells
combination
acini are arranged in lobules invested in____O
ct
groups of lobules form lobes surrounded by a CT ____ containing ducts
septum
divide inner part of gland into larger lobes and smaller lobules
septum
the connective tissue covering the entire gland is the
capsule
located on surface of acini to get saliva out of the lumen
myoepithelial cells
function as muscle cells contract the acinus to secrete saliva
myoepithelial cells
has cytoplasmic processes(octopus on a rock) 4-8 radiating outward and has 1 cell body
myoepithelial cells
largest
located on sides of face in front of ears(lots of adipose)
produces nearly pure serous secretion(purple)
largest, but contributes only 25% of total saliva
duct often adjacent to the maxillary 2nd molar, parotid papilla
stensons duct
parotid
2nd largest
inside angle of mandible
mixed secretions (serous demilumes)
60-65% of total saliva volume(puts out most saliva)
duct opening is located in floor of mouth at sublingual caruncle
whartons duct or submandibular duct
submandibular
either side of midline beneath the mucosa of anterior floor of mouth
pure mucous secretion
smallest of the major glands
unencapsulated
5-10% of total saliva volume
duct also opens in floor of mouth at sublingual caruncle; other ducts scattered in floor of mouth along sublingual fold
bartholins duct
sublingual gland
empty products directly into mouth by means of short ducts; named for their location; contributes about 5-`0% of volume of saliva
minor salivary glands
cheeks, mixed
buccal glands
lips, mixed
labial glands
posterior hard palate and soft palate, pure mucous
palatine glands
tonsillar folds, pure mucous
glossopalatine
tongue
lingual glands
tip of tongue is
mixed secretions
area of circumvallate papilla
serous(von ebners)
posterior under lingual tonsillar tissue
mucous
duct associated with a cluster of acinus(like stalk with grapes)
tube with single layer of cuboidal cells, terminal portion
intercalated duct
connected to intercalated ducts in the lobules of the gland
consists of a tube with a single layer of columnar epithelial cells with basal striations
striated duct
the intercalated ducts empty into
striated duct
in between lobes and lobules
final portion is the excretory duct. saliva exits into the oral cavity through this duct. the excretory duct changes from stratified columnar epithelium to stratified squamous ep at the ductal opening in the oral cavity. stensons duct or whartons duct
interlobular excretory duct
what ep lines the oral cavity
stratified squamous
what does secretion depend on
gustatory(taste) and masticatory stimulation
the major salivary protein is
amylase- breakdown starches
amylase is mainly present in which gland
parotid(starts breakdown in mouth)
saliva also contains
proteins, lysozyme and albumin
the viscous nature of saliva is due to
salivary mucin, which is a mixture of glycoproteins
how much saliva secreted each day
3 pints
is saliva secretion low or high rate during sleep?
low
can result in increase trauma to nonprotected oral mucosa, increase caries, problems in speech and mastication and bad breath
xerostomia
lymphnode like organs; positioned at entrance of alimentary canal; germinal centers produce lymphocytes, which protect against microbes, foreign cells, and cancer cells
tonsils
kills antigens directly
t lymphocytes
differentiate into plasma cells which produce antibodies, namely secretory IgA
b lymphocytes
ring of tonsillar tissue in the oropharynx
waldeyers ring
located on the lateral wall of oropharynx
bilateral
contains crypts
palatine tonsils
located in the midline of posterior pharyngeal wall
single
contains folds, not crypts
pharyngeal tonsils(adenoids)
located in the midline of posterior 1/3 of tongue
bilateral
contains crypts
lingual tonsils
involving minor salivary gland
obstruction of duct bc person keeps biting lip and fills up with saliva
repetitive(surgery to remove minor salivary gland to fix it)
mucocele
floor of mouth(on 1 side of tongue)
obstruction of submandibular salivary gland
cant be removed, must be drained
ranula
hard palate is whitened by hyperkeratinization due to heat from smoking or hot liquid
inflammation of duct openings in minor salivary glands of the palatal area which causes their dilation (little red dots)
typically pipe/cigar smokers
nicotinic stomatitis
caused by dry mouth
fissured tongue
blockage of salivary gland ducts can result from either ______ formation or trauma to duct opening
salivary stone(sialolith)
