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quiz blood stuff Flashcards

1
Q

process of stopping blood loss

A

Hemostasis

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2
Q

principle mechanism of hemostasis

A

Blood coagulation

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3
Q

mesh of protein filaments that traps blood’s formed elements toform a red, gelatinous mass

A

Blood clot

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4
Q

Fibrin thread

A

threads that holds the blood cells together and they seal thewound to prevent loosing of blood

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5
Q

______ become activated upon injury through the extrinsic and intrinsic pathways

A

Clotting factors

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6
Q

____ present in the blood at all times in their inactive form and produced in the liver

A

Clotting factors

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7
Q

Vitamin K is required to produce _____( gut flora=Vit k, or from outside)

A

Clotting factors

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8
Q

CF I

A

Fibrinogen

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9
Q

CF II

A

Prothrombin

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10
Q

CF V

A

Preaccelerin

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11
Q

CF VII

A

Proconvertin

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12
Q

CF VIII

A

Antihemophilic factor

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13
Q

Christmas factor

A

CF IX

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14
Q

CF X

A

Stuart-Prower factor

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15
Q

CF XI

A

Plasma thromboplastin antecedent

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16
Q

CF XII

A

Hageman factor

17
Q

CF XIII

A

Fibrin-stabilizing factor CF XIII

18
Q

Damage to cells within blood vessels and outside of the vessels Tissue factor (aka Tissue Thromboplastin) – released by injured cells, bothinjured blood vessel cells and injured tissue cells, activates clotting factors Tissue factor  Proconvertin (CF 7)  Stuart-Prower factor (CF 10)

A

Extrinsic Pathway

19
Q

Exposure of collagen fibers of subendothelial cells of blood vessels to blood flowactivates clotting factors This pathway ONLY occurs inside injured blood vessels2 Collagen fibers exposed  Hageman factor (CF 12)  Plasma thromboplastinantecedent (CF 11)  Christmas factor (CF 9)  Stuart-Prower factor (CF 10)

A

Intrinsic Pathway

20
Q

 Picking up where the extrinsic and intrinsic pathways left off: activation of CF 10 CF 10  Prothromin (CF 2)  thrombin  fibrinogen (CF 1)  fibrin Fibrin forms a net and traps the formed elements in blood  COAGULATION(blood clot)

A

clotting cascade

21
Q

___ is a necessary component of coagulation

A

Ca2+

22
Q

Patients with severe blood loss are given _____ ____ injections to help withblood clotting

A

calcium chloride

23
Q

 ONLY occurs inside injured blood vessels

A

Platelet Activation and the Platelet Plug

24
Q

Platelet Activation and platelet plug release

A
  1. exposure of collagen fibers of subendothelial cells of blood vessels toblood flow2. von Willebrand factor (circulating in blood in inactive form) becomesactivated and attaches to the exposed collagen fibers, stoppingmovement of platelets  platelets form a single layer on top of theexposed collagen3. Platelets become activated and then attach a second layer of platelets,etc. Platelet activation results in the formation of a platelet plug The platelet plug physically (mechanically) blocks the damaged blood vessel
25
Q

can be formed inside and outside vessels

A

blood clots

26
Q

can only be formed inside a blood vessel

A

platelet plugs

27
Q

Activated platelets release

A

ADP – promotes platelet activationo Thromboxane A2 (TxA2) – vasoconstrictiono Growth factors – promote wound healing, fibroblast chemotaxis

28
Q

3 components of Anticoagulation system

A

hemodynamicsendothelial mediationfibrinolitic sytem

29
Q

Hemodynamics

A

– slow blood flow is important for coagulation otherwiseactivated CFs get washed out and a clot cannot be formed

30
Q

Endothelial mediation

A

platelet plug is formed, surrounding uninjuredendothelial cells release prostacyclin (PGI2) which prevents extra orexcess platelet aggregation

31
Q

Fibrinolitic system

A

– CF 12 also activates tissue plasminogen activator,which converts plasminogen into plasmin, resulting in degradation ofactivated CFs

32
Q

–pinpoint hemorrhages (eg scury)

A

Petechiae

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