Quiz Biomolecules and Enzymes (12/1/24) Flashcards
What is a Prokaryotic cell?
A single celled organism that doesn’t have a nucleus/membrane-bound organelles
What is a eukaryotic cell?
Any cell/organism that posses a clearly defined nucleus
What are similarities between prokaryotic cells to eukaryotic cells?
Cell membrane, cytoplasm, ribosomes, DNA
What are the differences between prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic cells?
prokaryotic has no nucleus, prokaryotic has no membrane - bound organelles, Eukaryotic cells are usually larger
What are similarities between animal cells and a plant cell?
Membrane-bound nucleus, which contains the DNA.
Plasma membrane or cell membrane.
Cytoplasm in which other organelles are suspended.
Nucleolus.
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER)
Ribosomes.
Mitochondrion.
Golgi bodies or Golgi apparatus
What are the differences between animal cells and plant cells?
Plant cells contain a cell wall + cell membrane, animals cells only contain a cell membrane
Which organelles are involved in protein synthesis and transport and how do they work together to accomplish this?
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is involved in the synthesis of lipids and synthesis and transport of proteins. The Golgi apparatus modifies, sorts, and packages different substances for secretion out of the cell, or for use within the cell
Central Vacuole
Stores and regulates water (Plant only)
Chloroplast
Makes food through photosynthesis (plants)
Flagella
Enables movement (Animals)
Golgi Bodies/ Complex
Stores/ships protein (Animal and Plants)
Lysosome
Removes unwanted material + waste (Animals)
Centrioles
organizing microtubules that serve as the cell’s skeletal system (Animal)
Mitochondria
Makes energy (Animal and Plants)
Nucleolus
Makes ribosomes (Animal and Plants)
Nuclear Membrane
Acts as a barrier that separates the contents of the nucleus from the cytoplasm (Animal and Plants)
Ribosome
Makes protein (Animal and Plants)
Cell Wall
separates the interior contents of the cell from the exterior environment (Plants)
Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum
Detoxifies the cell + make lipids (Animal and Plants)
Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
produces proteins for the rest of the cell to function (Animal and Plants)
Vacuole
help sequester waste products (Animal and Plants)
Cytoplasm
provides a platform upon which other organelles can operate within the cell (Animal and Plants)
Cell/Plasma Membrane
provides protection for a cell (Animal and Plants)
What are cells?
The basic building building blocks of life
