quiz answers for exam 1 Flashcards
the ______ structure of proteins is held together by hydrophobic interactions between nonpolar side chains and hydrogen bonds between polar side chains
tertiary
the information dictating the proper folded conformation of a nascent protein is contained within
primary amino acids sequence of the nascent protein
which of the following is a noncovalent interaction
1. hydrophobic effect
2. ionic interaction
3. van der waals
4. interactions due to hydrophobic effects
5. all the above
5
the amino acid _______ often plays a role in stabilizing protein structure because it can form covalent disulfide (S-S) bonds
cysteine
geckos have the amazing ability to smooth surfaces, including glass. which of the following interactions
between the septa of their feet and the smooth surfaces are responsible for their attachment?
a. hydrophobic interactions
b. Van der Waals interactions
c. hydrogen bonds
d. ionic bonds
e. all of the above
b
in the 1960s, the drug thalidomide was prescribed to pregnant women to treat morning sickness.
thalidomide caused severe birth defects in the children of women who took the drug while pregnant.
the problem with this drug was caused by
physiological effects of stereoisomers
peptide bond formation between the amino group of one amino acid and the carboxyl group of another results in
the net release of
a water molecule
which type of DNA damage is considered the most deleterious to the stability of the genome?
double-stranded breaks
Which of the following statements regarding DNA polymerases in eukaryotes is not correct?
A. The DNA polymerase alpha/primase complex synthesizes a short RNA-DNA primer.
B. DNA polymerases ε (epsilon) and δ (delta) synthesize most of the leading and lagging
strand, respectively.
C. Lesion DNA replicating polymerases (like polymerase η) can replicate over damaged DNA.
D. The 3’ to 5’ exonuclease activity allows DNA polymerases to synthesize without the need of a
primer.
E. All of the above statements are correct.
D
One enzyme common to DNA replication, mismatch repair, nucleotide excision repair, and base excision repair processes is:
DNA ligase
The proofreading function of DNA polymerases involves the recognition of a _________and the
removal of a short segment of DNA in the __________direction
base mismatch, 3’ to 5’
DNA polymerase alpha is a high-fidelity DNA polymerase.
false
The protein known as sliding clamp (PCNA) stabilizes the association of DNA
polymerases with their template as they synthesize the leading and lagging strands.
true
DNA polymerases and RNA polymerases synthesize in the _____direction, but only____ polymerases require a ______ to initiate synthesis.
5’ to 3’, DNA, primer
