chapter 2

Question 1

what are the four key concepts for the chemistry of life

Answer 1

1. molecular complementarity
2. chemical building blocks
3. chemical equilibrium
4. chemical bond energy

Question 2

covalent bonds form by

Answer 2

the sharing of electrons

Question 3

what are the four main types of noncovalent interactions

Answer 3

1. ionic interactions
2. hydrogen bonds
3. van der waals interactions
4. interactions due to hydrophobic effect

Question 4

ionic interactions are between

Answer 4

oppositely charged ions

Question 5

a hydrogen bond is a noncovalent interaction between

Answer 5

an atom carrying a partial negative charge (oxygen, nitrogen, fluorine) and a hydrogen atom carrying a partial positive charge

Question 6

van der waals interactions

Answer 6

weak nonspecific attractive forces

Question 7

how to geckos defy gravity

Answer 7

setae (elastic hairs) that cover the foot are split at the ends into spatulae that, because of the sheer abundance and proximity to surface, allow van der waals to provide adhesive strength

Question 8

hydrophobic effect causes

Answer 8

nonpolar molecules to adhere to one another

Question 9

hydrophobic effect is also called

Answer 9

oil drop effect

Question 10

hydrophobic aggregation of nonpolar molecules effects entropy how

Answer 10

lower to higher entropy

Question 11

the more noncovalent interactions…

Answer 11

the more stable the molecule

Question 12

what are the three classifications of amino acids

Answer 12

hydrophobic, hydrophilic, special