Quiz 7

Question 1

structure of an amino acid

Answer 1

amine-alpha carbon-carboxylic acid

Question 2

nonpolar amino acid

Answer 2

r group is c-c, c-h, or c-s bonds

Question 3

polar neutral amino acid

Answer 3

r group is alcohol, phenol, or amide

Question 4

polar acidic amino acid

Answer 4

r group is a carboxylic acid

Question 5

polar basic amino acid

Answer 5

r group is a amine

Question 6

peptide bond

Answer 6

amide bond joining 2 amino acids

Question 7

n-terminus

Answer 7

starting point on the left of an amino acid

Question 8

c-terminus

Answer 8

ending point on the right of an amino acid

Question 9

primary protein structure

Answer 9

amino acid sequence; order matters

Question 10

secondary protein structure

Answer 10

due to hydrogen bonding between amine and carbonyl; alpha helix and beta sheet

Question 11

tertiary structure

Answer 11

whole 3D shape; folding usually leads to a biologically active protein; stabilized by IMFs and disulfide bridges

Question 12

quaternary structure

Answer 12

two or more polypeptide units associate to form one unit; same stabilizing forces as tertiary

Question 13

fibrous

Answer 13

elastic fibers of protein; insoluble, resistant to chemical changes

Question 14

globular

Answer 14

spherical-ish; highly folded, mostly water soluble, contain binding sites for other molecules, more sensitive to chemical changes

Question 15

denaturation

Answer 15

any change in protein configuration, loss of secondary, tertiary, and quaternary structures

Question 16

enzymes

Answer 16

speed up reactions by orienting proteins correctly

Question 17

substrate

Answer 17

reactant modified during reaction

Question 18

product

Answer 18

result of modification of the substrate

Question 19

cofactors and coenzymes

Answer 19

diversify the function of a protein; cofactors = mostly metal cations; coenzymes = non-protein organic molecules

Question 20

hydrophilic

Answer 20

water loving lipids; have groups that can hydrogen bond with water

Question 21

hydrophobic

Answer 21

water fearing lipids; long carbon chains that prevent solubility in water

Question 22

amphipathic

Answer 22

have elements of water loving and water fearing

Question 23

saturated

Answer 23

fatty acids that contain only single c-c bonds

Question 24

unsaturated

Answer 24

fatty acids that contain one or more double bonds; usually cis; monounsaturated and polyunsaturated

Question 25

monounsaturated

Answer 25

have only one double bond

Question 26

polyunsaturated

Answer 26

have more than one double bond