Quiz 6 - Health challenges and the haematological system

Question 1

The most abundant cells in the blood are:
leucocytes
thrombocytes
lymphocytes
erythrocytes

Answer 1

erythrocytes

Question 2

A blood sample is analysed in a laboratory. Assuming a normal sample, which type of white blood cell accounts for the highest percentage?

monocytes
eosinophils
lymphocytes
neutrophils

Answer 2

neutrophils

Question 3

The predominant phagocyte of early inflammation is the:

eosinophil
macrophage
lymphocyte
neutrophil

Answer 3

neutrophil

Question 4

Monocytes are blood cells that mature (differentiate) into:

eosinophils
macrophages
neutrophils
mast cells

Answer 4

macrophages

Question 5

Platelets circulate for approximately:

2 days
10 days
55 days
120 days

Answer 5

10 days

Question 6

During an infection, lymph nodes enlarge and become tender because:

microorganisms are accumulating
oedema accumulates within the fibrous capsule
macrophages are rapidly dividing
the nodes are not functioning properly

Answer 6

macrophages are rapidly dividing

Question 7

Secretion of erythropoietin is stimulated by:

inflammation
hypoxia
low blood pressure
hypercarbia

Answer 7

hypoxia

Question 8

Erythropoietin is produced in the:

bone marrow
spleen
liver
kidneys

Answer 8

kidneys

Question 9

The greatest proportion of total body iron is located in the:

bone marrow
liver tissue
spleen pulp
erythrocytes

Answer 9

erythrocytes

Question 10

Which of the following nutritional components is needed for erythropoiesis?

vitamin B12
zinc
vitamin B1
vitamin D

Answer 10

vitamin b12

Question 11

What haemodynamic change occurs after initial compensation for a reduction in the number of circulating erythrocytes?

decreased cardiac output
increased viscosity of blood
hyperdynamic blood flow
altered coagulation

Answer 11

hyperdynamic blood flow

Question 12

A 25-year-old female has a heavy menses during which she loses a profuse amount of blood. Which of the following adaptations could be expected?

movement of fluid into the cell
decreased cardiac output
decreased oxygen release from haemoglobin
capillary dilation

Answer 12

capillary dilation

Question 13

Which of the following tests directly measure iron stores?

total iron-binding capacity
serum ferritin
bone marrow biopsy
transferrin saturation

Answer 13

bone marrow biopsy

Question 14

A 34-year-old male presents in the ED with extreme fatigue and shortness of breath. His skin and sclera appear to have a yellowish discoloration. These findings are consistent with which type of anaemia?

haemolytic anaemia
aplastic anaemia
iron deficiency anaemia
posthaemorrhagic anaemia

Answer 14

haemolytic anaemia

Question 15

A 67-year-old female has chronic gastrointestinal bleeding. The primary cause of her anaemia is:

folate deficiency
vitamin B12 deficiency
iron deficiency
bone marrow failure

Answer 15

iron deficiency

Question 16

Maternal–fetal blood incompatibility may exist in which of the following conditions?

The mother is Rh-negative and the fetus is Rh-positive.
The mother is Rh-positive and the fetus is Rh-negative.
The mother has type A blood and the fetus has type O blood.
The mother has type AB blood and the fetus has type B blood.

Answer 16

The mother is Rh-negative and the fetus is Rh-positive.

Question 17

A 52-year-old male IV drug user was diagnosed with hepatitis C 5 years ago. He is now experiencing impaired blood clotting. A decrease in which of the following vitamins could be the cause?

E
K
D
B12

Answer 17

K

Question 18

Individuals with liver disease often suffer from coagulation disorders because:

treatment medications for liver failure cause fibrinolysis.
high levels of bilirubin interfere with the clotting system.
clotting factors are produced in the liver.
the liver is often the site of platelet pooling

Answer 18

clotting factors are produced in the liver.

Question 19

A common, life-threatening complication of a thrombus in a deep vein is:

pulmonary embolus
disseminated intravascular coagulation
lower extremity oedema
stroke

Answer 19

pulmonary embolus