Quiz 2 Flashcards
What is a purpose of the inflammatory process?
- to provide specific responses toward antigens
- to create immunity against subsequent tissue injury
- to lyse cell membranes of microorganisms
- to prevent infection of the injured tissue
To prevent infection of the injured tissue
A child fell off a swing and scraped her knee. The injured area becomes red and painful. Which of the following would also occur?
- decreased red blood cell concentration at the injured site
- fluid movement from tissue to vessels
- vasoconstriction
- fluid movement from vessels to tissues
Fluid movement from vessels to tissues
The mast cell, a major activator of inflammation, initiates the inflammatory response through the process of:
- degranulation
- haemolysis
- endocytosis
- cytokinesis
degranulation
A 13-year-old fell on her knee while skating. The area became inflamed and sore to touch. Which of the following would result from activation of the plasma system secondary to her injury?
- mast cell degranulation
- cellular infiltration
- release of cellular products
- pathogenic invasion
cellular infiltration
A 20-year-old apprentice shoots their hand with a nail gun while replacing roofing shingles. Which of the following cell types would be the first to aid in killing bacteria to prevent infection in their hand?
- neutrophils
- leukotrienes
- monocytes
- eosinophils
neutrophils
Histamine is released from:
- lymphocytes
- eosinophils
- natural killer cells
- mast cells
mast cells
Which of the following is a consequence of histamine release?
- increased capillary permeability
- decreased platelet adhesion and aggregation
- fever
- stimulation of pain receptors
increased capillary permeability
A 25-year-old male is in a car accident and sustains a fracture to his left femur with extensive soft-tissue injury. The pain associated with the injury is related to:
- immune complex formation
- vasoconstriction
- kinins and prostaglandins
- histamine and serotonin
kinins and prostaglandins
A pyrogen:
- decreases prostaglandin production
- increases serum copper, zinc and iron levels
- slows down the transformation of lymphocytes
- causes fever
causes fever
An infectious disease that spreads rapidly and widely throughout the world is termed a(n):
- superinfection
- epidemic
- opportunistic infection
- pandemic
pandemic
The microorganisms that make up the normal human flora are important for:
- activating white blood cells
- preventing colonisation of pathogens
- regulating inflammation
- secreting bacteriostatic substances
preventing colonisation of pathogens
Some bacterial pathogens can defend themselves from an immune response by:
- retreating
- developing antibodies
- phagocytosis
- producing capsules
producing capsules
A 50-year-old female experiences decreased blood pressure, decreased oxygen delivery, cardiovascular shock and subsequent death. Which of the following is the most likely cause?
- gram-negative bacteria
- virus
- fungi
- gram-positive bacteria
gram-negative bacteria
Viruses:
- are easily killed by antimicrobials
- contain mitochondria
- are capable of independent reproduction
- replicate their genetic material inside host cells
replicate their genetic material inside host cells
Varicella, the virus that causes chicken pox:
- lives in the cytoplasm
- can replicate outside the host cell
- integrates its DNA with the host cell DNA
- replicates using reverse transcriptase
integrates its DNA with the host cell DNA
