Quiz 6 Flashcards
IV
variable manipulated by the experimenter
DV
variable observed and measured
Baseline
condition in effect in the absence of the IV
A-B notation
A denotes baseline; subsequent letters denote different IVs
Experimental design
applying an IV to examine its effects on a DV
Functional relationship
a relationship in which changes in one variable (DV) are demonstrated to be the result of changes in another variable (IV)
Confounding variable
source of influence other than the IV that may produce changes in the DV
A-B design
single introduction of AT LEAST ONE IV on AT LEAST ONE baseline
A-B design advantage
repeated measurement under condition 1 and condition 2 allows examination of changes in level, trend, and variability
Reversal design
introduction and subsequent removal of at least one IV on one BL
ABAB
Advantage of Reversal
simplest, yet most powerful demonstration of experimental control
Multiple Baseline design
sequential introduction of an IV across more than one BL
Advantage of Multiple Baseline
does not require reversal to show experimental control
Multielement design (aka Alternating Treatments)
rapid alternation of BL and IV conditions on a single BL
Advantages of Multielement
Does not require baseline or stability, minimizes sequence effects
Changing Criterion design
introduction of one IV on a single BL in a step-wise fashion, with steps corresponding to progressive changes in the response requirement
Advantages of Changing Criterion design
no reversal and no additional baselines required to show exp. control
Weaker alternatives to A-B
Anecdotes- treatment appeared to increase behavior…
B designs- no baseline
A-B w/o repeated measure
