Quiz 6

Question 1

A nurse is providing teaching for a client who has a new diagnosis of GERD. The client asks about foods he should avoid eating. Which of the following foods should the nurse tell him to avoid?

a. Nonfat milk
b. Chocolate
c. Apples
d. Oatmeal

Answer 1

b. Chocolate

Question 2

A nurse is teaching a client about strategies to manage gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). Which of the following statements should the nurse include?

a. Elevate the head of the bed by 18 inches
b. Avoid snacking between meals
c. Limit foods that are high in fiber
d. Avoid eating 2 to 3 hours before bedtime

Answer 2

d. Avoid eating 2 to 3 hours before bedtime

Question 3

A nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for omeprazole to manage his GERD. Which of the following statements by the client indicates and understanding of the teaching?

a. I won’t pass gas as often now that I’m taking this medication.
b. I will take this medication each morning with my breakfast.
c. I have an increased risk of getting pneumonia while taking the medication.
d. I will need to take a daily stool softener while taking this medication.

Answer 3

c. I have an increased risk of getting pneumonia while taking the medication.

Question 4

A nurse is providing teaching for a client who has experienced an acute episode of gastritis. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?

a. Limit drinking milk.
b. Take NSAIDs for pain.
c. Avoid drinking alcohol.
d. Limit strenuous exercise.

Answer 4

c. Avoid drinking alcohol.

Question 5

When should lansoprazole be given for best absorption because the food diminishes the effectiveness of the medication?

Answer 5

30 min before breakfast

Question 6

A nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for sucralfate to treat a gastric ulcer. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?

a. “I will take this medication as needed to reduce pain.”
b. “I will reduce my fluid intake with this medication.”
c. “I will take this medication with an antacid.”
d. “I will take this medication before meals and at bedtime.”

Answer 6

d. “I will take this medication before meals and at bedtime.”

Question 7

A nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for aluminum hydroxide to treat heartburn. The nurse should instruct the client to monitor for and report which of the following adverse reactions?

a. constipation
b. flatulence
c. headache
d. palpations

Answer 7

a. constipation

Question 8

A nurse is caring for a client who has peptic ulcer disease. The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following findings as an indication of gastrointestinal perforation?

a. hyperactive bowel sounds
b. sudden abdominal pain
c. increased blood pressure
d. bradycardia

Answer 8

b. sudden abdominal pain

Question 9

A nurse is assessing a client who has peptic ulcer disease. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as the priority?

a. Epigastric discomfort
b. Dyspepsia
c. Epigastric discomfort
d. Hematemesis

Answer 9

d. Hematemesis

Question 10

A nurse is caring for a client who has a GI bleeding. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?

a. Assess orthostatic blood pressure.
b. Explain the procedure for an upper gastrointestinal series.
c. Administer pain medication.
d. Test the client’s emesis for blood.

Answer 10

a. Assess orthostatic blood pressure.

Question 11

A nurse is teaching a client who has a hiatal hernia about dietary recommendations. Which of the following client statements indicates an understanding of the teaching? Select all that apply.

a. “I will lie down for one half hour after meals.”
b. “I will consume less caffeine and fewer spicy foods.”
c. “I will sleep with the head of my bed elevated.”
d. “I will try not to gain weight.”
e. “I will drink less fluid.”

Answer 11

b. “I will consume less caffeine and fewer spicy foods.”
c. “I will sleep with the head of my bed elevated.”
d. “I will try not to gain weight.”

Question 12

A nurse is caring for a client with type 1 diabetes mellitus who reports feeling shaky and having palpitations. When the nurse finds the client’s blood glucose to be 48 mg/dL on the glucometer, he should give the client which of the following?

a. Graham crackers
b. 1 tsp sugar
c. 4 oz diet soda
d. 4 oz skim milk

Answer 12

a. Graham crackers

Question 13

A nurse is teaching a client who has diabetes mellitus and receives 25 units of NPH insulin every morning if her blood glucose level is about 200 mg/dL. Which of the following information should the nurse include?

a. discard the NPH solution if it appears cloudy
b. shake the insulin vigorously before loading the syringe
c. expect NPH to peak in 6-14 hours
d. Freeze the unopened insulin bottles

Answer 13

c. expect NPH to peak in 6-14 hours

Question 14

A nurse is reviewing the medication list for a client who has a new diagnosis of type 2 diabetes mellitus. The nurse should recognize which of the following medications can cause glucose intolerance?

a. Cimetidine
b. Dextromethorphan
c. Prednisone
d. Atorvastatin

Answer 14

c. Prednisone

Question 15

A nurse is caring for a client who has diabetes and plans to administer his regular insulin subcutaneously before he eats breakfast at 0800. After checking the client’s morning glucose level, which of the following actions should the nurse take?

a. Give the insulin at 0700.
b. Give the insulin when the breakfast tray arrives.
c. Give the insulin 30 min after breakfast with the client’s other routine medicines.
d. Give the insulin at 0730.

Answer 15

d. Give the insulin at 0730.

Question 16

A nurse is teaching an older adult client who has diabetes mellitus about preventing the long-term complications of retinopathy and nephropathy. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?

a. “Have an eye examination once per year.”
b. “Examine your feet carefully every day.”
c. “Wear compression stockings daily.”
d. “Maintain stable blood glucose levels.”

Answer 16

d. “Maintain stable blood glucose levels.”

Question 17

A nurse is providing teaching about foot care for a client who has type 2 diabetes mellitus. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?

a. “I should soak my feet before trimming my nails.”
b. “I should buy new shoes late in the day.”
c. “I should wear a clean pair of nylon socks every day.”
d. “I should use a heating pad at night when my feet feel cold.”

Answer 17

b. “I should buy new shoes late in the day.”

Question 18

A nurse is teaching a client who has type 1 diabetes mellitus about exercise. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?

a. Perform vigorous exercise when blood glucose is less than 100 mg/dL.
b. Do not exercise if ketones are present in your urine.
c. Avoid eating for 2 hr before exercise.
d. Examine your feet weekly.

Answer 18

b. Do not exercise if ketones are present in your urine.

Question 19

A nurse is evaluating teaching with a client who is receiving continuous subcutaneous insulin via an external insulin pump. which of the following statements by the client indicates a need for further teaching?

a. “I will change the needle every 3 days”
b. “I should store all unused insulin in the refrigerator”
c. “If i skip lunch, I will skip my mealtime dose of insulin”
d. “I will use insulin glargine in my insulin pump”

Answer 19

d. “I will use insulin glargine in my insulin pump”

Question 20

A nurse is admitting an older adult client who has diabetic neuropathy with painful, burning feet. Which of the following interventions should the nurse anticipate the health care provider to prescribe?

a. place a bed cradle on the client’s bed
b. inspect the client’s feet once weekly
c. apply graduated compression stockings to the client’s lower extremities
d. put a heating pad on the client’s feet

Answer 20

a. place a bed cradle on the client’s bed

Question 21

A nurse is teaching a client who is taking metformin XR for type II diabetes mellitus. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?

a. “Take the medication with a meal.”
b. “You may crush or chew the medication.”
c. “This medication may cause an increase in perspiration.”
d. “This medication may turn your urine orange.”

Answer 21

a. “Take the medication with a meal.”

Question 22

A nurse assessing a female client who is at risk for developing type 2 diabetes mellitus. The nurse should identify which of the following manifestations increases the client’s risk for developing type 2 diabetes?

a. Abdominal girth 32 inches
b. Fasting blood glucose 98 mg/dL
c. Triglyceride level 100 mg/dL
d. BP 138/98 mmHG

Answer 22

d. BP 138/98 mmHG

Question 23

A nurse observes mild hand tremors in a client who has diabetes mellitus. Which of the following actions should the nurse take after obtaining a glucose meter reading of 60 mg/dL?

a. Administer 15 g of carbohydrates
b. retest the blood glucose
c. Administer 1 mg of glucagon
d. Administer IV dextarose

Answer 23

a. Administer 15 g of carbohydrates

Question 24

A nurse in a provider’s office is caring for a client who has a new diagnosis of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Which of the following findings is the nurse’s priority?

a. The client is experiencing shakiness.
b. The client reports having difficulty checking their blood glucose.
c. The client reports burning and tingling in their feet.
d. The client has a small foot wound.

Answer 24

a. The client is experiencing shakiness.

Question 25

What is the first action of the nurse during the nursing process?

Answer 25

gather data regarding the client’s learning needs, readiness to learn, health literacy, and learning preferences

Question 26

Which information will the nurse provide for a patient with newly diagnosed gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)?

a. “Peppermint tea may reduce your symptoms.”
b. “Keep the head of your bed elevated on blocks.”
c. “Avoid eating between meals to reduce acid secretion.”
d. “Vigorous exercise may increase the incidence of reflux.”

Answer 26

b. “Keep the head of your bed elevated on blocks.”

Question 27

A patient vomiting blood-streaked fluid is admitted to the hospital with acute gastritis. What would the nurse ask the patient about to determine possible risk factors for gastritis?

a. The amount of saturated fat in the diet
b. A family history of gastric or colon cancer
c. Use of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs
d. A history of a large recent weight gain or loss

Answer 27

c. Use of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs

Question 28

A patient admitted with a peptic ulcer has a nasogastric (NG) tube in place. When the patient develops sudden, severe upper abdominal pain, diaphoresis, and a firm abdomen, which action would the nurse take?

a. Irrigate the NG tube.
b. Check the vital signs.
c. Give the ordered antacid.
d. Elevate the foot of the bed.

Answer 28

b. Check the vital signs.

Question 29

A nurse working at a community health center is caring for a client who has diabetes mellitus. The client says, “I don’t want to lose my vision.” Which of the following responses should the nurse make?

a. “It sounds like you are worried about the complications of diabetes.”
b. “I have a client that recently lost their vision.”
c. “This happens if you fail to control your blood sugar.”
d. “There are many clients who have diabetes that don’t end up losing their vision.”

Answer 29

a. “It sounds like you are worried about the complications of diabetes.”

Question 30

A nurse is caring for a client receiving total parenteral nutrition and develops refeeding syndrome. The nurse should expect which of the following laboratory findings?

a. Hypermagnesemia
b. Hyperkalemia
c. Hyponatremia
d. Hypophosphatemia

Answer 30

d. hypophosphatemia.

Question 31

A patient hospitalized with chronic heart failure eats only about 50% of each meal and reports “feeling too tired to eat.” Which action would the nurse take first?

a. Teach the patient about the importance of good nutrition.
b. Serve multiple small feedings of high-calorie, high-protein foods.
c. Consult with the health care provider about parenteral nutrition (PN).
d. Obtain an order for enteral feedings of liquid nutritional supplements.

Answer 31

b. Serve multiple small feedings of high-calorie, high-protein foods.

Question 32

After abdominal surgery, a patient with protein calorie malnutrition is receiving parenteral nutrition (PN). Which data is the best indicator that the patient is receiving adequate nutrition?

a. Serum albumin level is 3.5 mg/dL.
b. Fluid intake and output are balanced.
c. Surgical incision is healing normally.
d. Blood glucose is less than 110 mg/dL.

Answer 32

c. Surgical incision is healing normally.

Question 33

A nurse is reinforcing teaching for a client who has type 1 diabetes mellitus about foot care. Which of the following client statements should indicate to the nurse an understanding of the instructions?

a. “I’ll wear sandals in warm weather”
b. “I’ll put lotion between my toes”
c. “I’ll check my feet every day for sores and bruises”
d. “I’ll soak my feet in warm, soapy water every night before I go to bed”

Answer 33

c. “I’ll check my feet every day for sores and bruises”

Question 34

A nurse is assessing a client who is experiencing perforation of a peptic ulcer. Which of the following manifestations should the nurse expect?

a. increased blood pressure
b. decreased heart rate
c. yellowing of the skin
d. boardlike abdomen

Answer 34

d. boardlike abdomen

Question 35

Which assessment would the nurse perform first for a patient who just vomited bright red blood?

a. Measuring the quantity of emesis
b. Palpating the abdomen for distention
c. Auscultating the chest for breath sounds
d. Taking the blood pressure (BP) and pulse

Answer 35

d. Taking the blood pressure (BP) and pulse

Question 36

The nurse is teaching a client who has been treated for acute gastritis. What statement by the client indicates a need for further teaching?

a. “I need to cut down on drinking martinis every night”
b. “I should decrease my intake of caffeinated drinks, especially coffee.”
c. “I will only take ibuprofen once in a while when I really need it.”
d. “I can continue smoking cigarettes which is better than chewing tobacco.”

Answer 36

d. “I can continue smoking cigarettes which is better than chewing tobacco.”

Question 37

A client is prescribed Omeprazole (Prilosec) 15mg PO once a day. At which of the following times should the nurse administer the medication?

a. 30 minutes after lunch
b. With a bedtime snack
c. 30 minutes before breakfast
d. During the evening meal

Answer 37

c. 30 minutes before breakfast

Question 38

A nurse working for a home health agency is teaching a client who has diabetes mellitus about disease management. Which of the following glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) values should the nurse include in the teaching as an indicator that the client is appropriately controlling his glucose levels?

a. 6.3%
b. 7.8%
c. 8.5%
d. 10%

Answer 38

a. 6.3%