Quiz 6 Flashcards
Types of acquired pellicle
- surface pellicle (unstained)
- surface pellicle (stained) - pellicle that has taken on extrinsic stain
- subsurface pellicle; embedded in tooth structure
Tenacious membranous layer that is amorphous, acellular, and organic. It’s thickness varies from 0.1-0.8 um and is greater near the gingival margin
Acquired pellicle
Participates in biofilm formation by aiding the adherence of microorganisms
Nidus for bacteria
Dense non mineralized complex mass of colonies in a gel like intermicrobial matrix; adheres firmly to the acquired pellicle thus to the teeth, calculus and fixed removable restorations
Dental biofilm
Stages of formation (dental biofilm)
- Formation of pellicle (bacteria attach to pellicle)
- bacterial multiplication and colonization (micro colonies form in layers)
- biofilm growth and maturation
- matrix formation (supra gingival -salvia, sub gingival- gingival sulcus fluid, exudate)
Sub gingival dental biofilm comes from…
The apical proliferation of microorganisms from the supra gingival biofilm
Sub gingival microorganisms
- differ from that of the supra gingival biofilm
- includes more anaerobic and motile organisms and are predominately gram- negative
Composition of dental biofilm
Composed of microorganisms and intermicrobial matrix
Organic and inorganic solids constitute approx
20%, 80% water
Inorganic elements in biofilm
Calcium, phosphorus, fluoride
Organic components in biofilm
Carbohydrates- from dietary sucrose, contribute to adherence of the microorganisms to each other and to the tooth
Proteins- supra gingival- contain proteins derived from salvia
Sub gingival - contains proteins derived from gingival sulcus fluid
Lipids- may include gram bacteria
During formation biofilm starts at…
Gingival margin on proximal surfaces and spears coronally
_______ surfaces may have the least biofilm because of the activity of the tongue
Palatal
Microorganism in biofilm
- mutants streptococci ( S. Mutants and Streptococuss sobrinus)
- lactobacillus
Loosely adherent mass of bacteria and cellular debris
Materia alba
Appears as white/graying white material that is visible without disclosing agent
Materia alba
Prevention of Materia alba
Rigorous rinsing, water irrigation, brushing
Demineralization and caries may occur under
Materia alba
Plaque index
To asses the thickness of biofilm at the gingival area
Plaque control record
To record the presence of dental biofilm on individual tooth surfaces to permit the patient to visualize progress while learning biofilm control
Epidemiologic survey
Provide information on the trends and patterns of oral health and disease in populations ex. DMFT
To asses the extent of biofilm and debris over a tooth surface. Debris is defined for the PHP as the soft foreign material consisting of dental biofilm materia alba, and good debris that is loosely attached to the tooth surfaces
Patient hygiene performance
To assess oral cleanliness by estimating the tooth surface covered with debris/ calculus
Simplified oral hygiene index (OHI-S)
To assess the state of periodontal health of an individual patient
Periodontal screening and recording
To locate area of gingival sulcus bleeding and color changes in order to recognize an record the presence of early inflammatory gingival disease
Sulcus bleeding index
To record the presence or absence of gingival inflammation as determine by bleeding from interproximal gingival sulci
Gingival bleeding index
To assess the presence of inflammation in the interdental area as indicated by the presents or absence of bleeding
Eastman interdental bleeding index
To assess the severity of gingivitis based on color, consistency, and bleeding on probing
Gingival index
To determine total dental caries experience past and present by recording either the number of affected teeth or tooth surfaces
Permanent dentition : decayed, missing and filled teeth or surfaces
To determine the dental caries experience for primary teeth present in the oral cavity by evaluating teeth or surfaces
Primary dentition : decayed, indicated for extraction and filled
To determine dental caries experience for children. Only primary teeth are evaluated
Primary dentition: decayed, missing and filled
To provide case definitions that determine caries status of children 5 years of age or younger
Early childhood caries
To determine total root caries experience for individuals and groups and provide a direct, simple method for recording and making comparisons
Root caries index
To measure the prevalence and severity of dental fluorosis
Deans fluorosis index
To measure the prevalence and severity of dental fluorosis, more sensitive than deans index in identifying the mildest signs of fluorosis
Tooth surface index Of fluorosis
