Quiz 5 - Foot Osteology Flashcards
anatomical categories of foot bones
- tarsals
- metatarsals
- phalanges
surgical categories of foot bones
- forefoot: (metatarsals and phalangeS)
- midfoot (lesser tarsus)
- hindfoot (rearfoot, greater tarsus)
which side of foot is CUBOID found?
what does it communicate w/?
lateral aspect
- communicates w/ calcaneus posteriorly
- lateral cuneiform & MT 4 medially
- metatarsal 5 anteriorly
bones and summit of MEDIAL LONGITUDINAL arch
- summit: TALUS
- bones: calcaneus, talus, navicular, cuneiforms, and first 3 MTs
summit and bones of the TRANSVERSE ARCH
(exists only on the MEDIAL side of the foot)
- summit: INTERMEDIATE CUNEIFORM
- bones: proximal to metatarsal bases
summit and bones of LATERAL ARCH
- summit: CUBOID
- bones: calcaneus, cuboid, and 4th and 5th MTs
normal plantar arches = name
pes rectus
what is flat foot; other name
loss of longitudinal arch
pes planus
increased height of longitudinal arch = name
pes cavus
what is splay foot? other name?
loss of transverse arch
pes transversoplanus
talar torsion
occurs when neck of talus deviates medially in relation to the body;
this anatomical arrangement is found in all humans, and is more pronounced in INFANTS than in adults
what forms the angle (talar torsion)?
- line bisecting the articular surface for the tibia
- line bisecting head and neck of talus
*normal torsion in adults is ~18 degrees
arteries that supply the talus;
which 2 are directly continuous w/ each other
- peroneal
- posterior tibial
- anterior tibial
- dorsalis pedis
Peroneal and posterior tibial artery are continuous w/ each other
name the specific branches that provide the talus
- direct branches to talar head and neck
- from end of anterior tibial, or beginning of dorsalis pedis
- artery of sinus tarsi/tarsal sinus
- branch of dorsalis pedis OR lateral tarsal
- artery of canalis tarsi/tarsal canal
- from posterior tibial
- deltoid artery
- from artery of canalis tarsi
- branches to posterior process
- from branches off posterior tibial and fibular/peroneal
angle of metatarsal declination
(why unique to humans)
proximal end is more superior than the distal end
(bc medial longitudinal arch is unique to humans)
MEDIAL facets on metatarsals
- 0
- 1
- 2
- 2
- 1
TOTAL = 6
LATERAL FACETS on metatarsals
- 0
- 4
- 1
- 1
- 0
6 total
Shapes of proximal/posterior articular surfaces of the MTs
Proximal/posterior surface
• MT 1 - kidney
• MT 2 - triangular
• MT 3 - triangular
• MT 4 - quadrilateral
• MT 5 - has tuberosity called styloid process
Fusion of distal phalanx and middle phalanx is relatively common –
what is this?
Fusion/union - forming synostosis (fusion or union of adjacent bones)
