Quiz #5 Flashcards
chapter 5,6
Basic goal
Demonstration of a functional relationship between the target behavior and intervention by withdrawing (and reintroducing) the treatment.
Reversal design
Different from a withdrawal design;. In the reversal design there is an active attempt to reverse the effects of the treatment.
A and B designs
Nonexperimental designs in which only baseline data are
recorded and described (A design) or when behavior is recorded and described during or after, but not before, an intervention is in place.
A-B design
Sometimes called the teaching design; baseline (A) data are collected and a treatment (B) is introduced; very little experimental control.
Action research
An inquiry-based approach of identifying a problem, gathering information, and developing an action plan.
A-B-A design
There is a return to baseline condition after the treatment
phase; better demonstrates functional relationship between behavior and treatment; subject is left in baseline condition.
A-B-A-B design
Typical withdrawal design adds a second treatment phase;
more evidence of a functional relationship is provided; subject is left in the treatment phase.
Prediction
After baseline data are stable, the prediction would be that the same or a similar pattern would emerge in other baseline conditions; conversely, a different pattern should emerge during treatment phases.
Verification
This occurs when treatment results in a change in the target behavior and the return to baseline condition results in a similar pattern as the previous baseline condition.
Replication
This occurs when the return to the treatment phase results in a similar pattern as the previous treatment phase.
Advantages of the withdrawal design
Easy to implement; a powerful design to demonstrate the functional relationship between target behavior and the treatment; has many possible variations.
Disadvantages of the withdrawal design
Often times the target behavior
is not reversible; returning to baseline condition is not clinically or educationally
desirable; often times the treatment effects remain after it has been withdrawn.
Adaptations
B-A-B—Used when collection of initial baseline data is either impossible or inappropriate; subject is left in treatment condition.
Repeated withdrawals—Involves the repeated application and withdrawal of the treatment (e.g., A-B-A-B-A-B); increases evidence of functional relationship; additional baseline phases can raise ethical concerns.
