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My Foundations 2 > Quiz 5 > Flashcards

Quiz 5 Flashcards

1
Q

5 CRITERIA FOR POTENTIAL CERVICAL SPINE INJURY

A

1) neck pain
2) severe distracting pain
3) any neurological signs and symptoms
4) intoxication
5) loss of consciousness at the scene

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2
Q

To intubate a patient with a cervical spine injury the best way is

A

Manual inline stabilization (MILS)

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3
Q

Avoid in trauma patients with a pneumothorax, pneumocephalus, or pneumoperitoneum.

A

N2O

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4
Q

____________ can increase serum potassium levels if administered 24 hours after a burn, spinal cord or crush injury

A

Succinylcholine

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5
Q

Postop after massive transfusions patients get _______________

A

metabolic alkalosis

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6
Q

If transfusion rate exceeds 1 unit every 5 minutes you can see cardiac depression caused by

A

hypocalcemia

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7
Q

In an anesthetized patient-hemolytic reactions are recognized by (5)

A
  • increased temp
  • tachycardia
  • hypotension
  • hemoglobinuria
  • oozing at the field
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8
Q

Hypothermia worsens and causes?

A
  • acid/base balance
  • Coagulopathies – platelet sequestration and red blood cell deformities
  • Risking myocardial function
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9
Q

Common cause of bleeding after massive transfusions is

A

dilutional thrombocytopenia

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10
Q

Crystalloids- half life of ?

Colloids half life of ?

A

20 – 30 minutes

3 – 6 hours

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11
Q

Dextrose solutions are ___________ in trauma, r/t it may exacerbate ischemic brain damage

A

contra-indicated

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12
Q

With blood products, Factor VIII can decrease by ____ after ___ days in storage

A

50%

two

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13
Q

Alveolar concentration is _________ in shock patients r/t a _______ in C.O. and increased ventilation.
Smaller intravascular volume so the intravenous anesthetics are _________.

A

increased

decrease

exaggerated

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14
Q

Induction agents for trauma, which one not so great and why?

A
  • Etomidate

- Ketamine - can increase ICP

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15
Q

Any trauma patient with an altered consciousness —consider a? Other signs?

A

brain injury

  • Restlessness
  • Convulsions
  • Cranial nerve dysfunction (non reactive pupils)
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16
Q

Cushings triad

A
  • Hypertension
  • Bradycardia
  • Respiratory disturbances

The Triad are late signs and is preceded by brain herniation

17
Q

Brain injury consideration: Anticholinergic meds-induces ____________ (robinol, spiriva, atrovent)

A

pupillary dilation

18
Q

First thing that signals cardiac tamponade? Avoid what?

A

Distended neck veins

AVOID PROPOFOL - can kill

19
Q

Pulsus paradoxus

A

> 10mmHg decline on BP during spontaneous ventilation diagnoses tamponade

20
Q

Abdominal trauma, what typically happens when they open the belly?

A

HYPOTENSION

21
Q

Femur fracture can mean __ units of blood loss

A

3

also risk of fat emboli with fractures

22
Q

Fat emboli labs

A
  • Elevation of serum lipase
  • Fat in urine
  • thrombocytopenia
23
Q

which Lafort fractures do you never do nasal intubation/NG tubes?

A

II and III

24
Q

Look at slide 29

A

.

25
Q

Intracranial hypertension is controlled by

A
  • fluid restrictions
  • diuretics (mannitol)
  • hypocapnia (paCO2 26-30 mmHg)
26
Q

Hypertension or tachycardia can be treated during intubation with ?

A

lidocaine and/or fentanyl

27
Q

Mild _________ can assist saving brain tissue in a head injury

A

hypothermia

28
Q

respiratory spinal levels? Cardiac Spinal levels?

A

C3,4,5

T1,2,3,4

29
Q

High cord injury

A
  • hypotension
  • warm to the touch (Legs feel febrile)
  • bradycardia
  • areflexia
  • GI atony
30
Q

Autonomic hyperreflexia

A

(not associated in first 48h)

  • high blood pressure
  • change in heart rate
  • skin color changes (paleness, redness, blue-grey skin color)
  • excessive sweating
31
Q

Tension Pneumo. treatment?

A

-air in pleural space trapped and increases with inspiration and not escape with expiration—see the tracheal shift

14 gauge needle at second intercostal space at midclavicular line then a chest tube like for a simple pneumo

32
Q

Risk of simple pneumo turning into tension pneumo from?

A

with positive pressure (bagging or Ventilator)

33
Q

Hemothorax treatment

A

-DLT to isolate bleeding lung from healthy lung

34
Q

Causes of ARDS

A
  • Sepsis
  • Thoracic injury
  • Aspiration
  • Head injury
  • Fat emboli
  • Massive transfusion
35
Q

ARDS requires what on ventilator?

A

high airway pressures, will make vent alarm

My Foundations 2 (10 decks)

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