Quiz # 4

Question 1

Who was Augustus Caesar

Answer 1

• Coined the term Pax Romana

- Worked on Two Reforms (Miltiary and Religious and Poltical)

Question 2

Principate

Answer 2

• With backing of the legions –> Imposes of Princips (First Citizen of Rome)
• Meaning: Imperial Rule for Life
• Date: 27BC -284 AD)
• Imperial Title becomes “dynastic”, even as SPQR continues to “function”

Two Legs: Goodwill of the people, Army

Question 3

Pax Romana

Answer 3

Peace of Rome

• Coined by Augustus Caesar

Question 4

Sucesses of the Julio-Claudian Dynasty

Answer 4

SSS

Question 5

Failures of the Julio-Claudian Dynasty

Answer 5

SSS

Question 6

The First Jewish War

Answer 6

DATE: (66-70/73)

• Rebellion of the Zealots in Judea (66)
• Religion and poltics combine into full rebellion
• Nero (r. 54-68) sends Vespasian to crush the rebellion
• Poltical upheaval in Rome (68-69); death of Nero; Flavius Vespasian declared Emperor (r. 69-79)

Question 7

Flavian Dynasty

Answer 7

Flavius Vespasian (69-79): dated reign from being named in Syria, First sucession between father and son history

Titus Flavius (r. 79-81 –> 3 years reign –> could have been posioned by his brother

Domitian (r. 81-96): challenged/undermine the senate and the Republican Facade

Question 8

Destruction of Jersulam

Answer 8

• DATE (70)
• Vespasian’s Son Titus (r. 79-81) besiges Jersulaem
• Second Temple is destroyed; Slaughter of Jews
• Escape of xealot Leaders
• Masada captured by the 12th Legion

Question 9

What was the problem of First Century Judaism

Answer 9

• Josephus List the “Sects within Judaism”
  a. Sadduees (Temple) –> Josephus –> Good Jew
  b. Essenes (Apocalypse; Wilderness) –> NO GOOD JEW
  c. Zealots (Terrorism)
  d. Pharisees (Torah) -> Faithful Torah 00> Good Jew–> First Five Books of the Torah is Law

Question 10

What/Who was the year of the Four Emperors

Answer 10

Tactis: Four emperors are the worst thing —- Military make great emperors

• Galba
• Otho
• Vitellius
• Vespasinus

Question 11

What was the Great Fire of Rome

Answer 11

• Fear of Fire was great
• One of the greatest natural diaster
• Rumor: Nero started the fire –> to recite the poem about the “Fall of Troy”
• Nero blamed the Christians for the Great Fire => Scapegoat => St. Peter was executed - buried underneath churches
• Tacitis => felt bad for the Christians
• Romans look at Christians as Jews

Question 12

Nero Claudius Augustus Germanicus

Answer 12

• Adopted Son of Claudius
• Great Fire Rome (64) –>destroyed the goodwill of the people –> no support
• First Persecution of Christians in Rome –
• First Jewish War (66-70/73) –> massive rebellion –> lost the suppport of the military
• Acclamation of Galba in Hispania (68)
• First Emperor to Committ sucide (68)
• 16 or 17 –> became emperor
• Killed his own mother –> elaborate scheme –> boat with body guards –> boat that will fall apart –> She knew how to swim –> Strangled her instead
• Nero loved sports
• Nero killed off anyone who could stand in his way
• CRAZY!!!!!!!

Question 13

What destoryed the reign of Nero

Answer 13

The Great Fire of Rome

Question 14

Caligula Caesar

Answer 14

amed sucessor after tiberius
B. spent million of dollars
C. had schizophenria (Split Brain) –
D. VERY CRUEL –>
E. elected his favoirte horse consul,
F. Married his sister –>
G. Resume (blood relative) –>
H. almost died and people realized that he was crazy –>
I. couldn’t sleep, talking to statues, talking about divinity (Becoming god),
J. reckless, ruthless and cruel humor –> was executed for no reason

Question 15

Cornelius Tactius

Answer 15

• An acclaimed lawyer, rhetorician, politican (senator)
• Had seen “devotlution” of Imperial Rule in Julio-Claudian Dynasty
• Key to Power:” Bread and Circuses” seduction of military

Question 16

Res Gaste Divi Augusti

Answer 16

• The offical version is an autobiography(c. ad 14
• Posted in Rome and around empire
• Justrification of one-man rule and “history lesson” about the “bad old days”
• Preparation for regin of Tiberius (14-37)
  Temple bulit in Tukery for Augustus –> only copy on the wall

Question 17

What was the Augustan Age

Answer 17

• Virgil (70-19 BC)
• Aenied: Vergilius Vaticanus
• 2nd Founder of Rome -> Commisioned Virgil to write a sequel to Aeneid (Augustus) –> didn’t finish it,

Virigl said in last will - if not finished burn it-

Augustus did not burn it he published

Question 18

What were the reforms that Augustus do

Answer 18

Military

Religious and Poltics

Question 19

Military Reform

Answer 19

• Legions reformed (draft abolished)
  
  • Praetorian Guard established
  • Auxiliaries enlisted on the Frontier (German Mercentaries)
  • 2% import tax to fund the military => first time in history –> inacted by Augustus Caeser

Question 20

Religious and Poltics Reform

Answer 20

• Augustus holds multiple titles and offices but works “through” the senate (became to the house and ate and dicuss the current events)
• Religion, Literature and the arts of the “Augustan Age” – flourish;
  a. the arts become a forum of propaganda for Pax Romana

Question 21

Flavius Josephus

Answer 21

• Joseph Ben Matthias or Flavius Josephus (c. 37 - 100)
• Jewish Leader who “Joins the Romans”
  
  • Jewish War (c. 75-79)
• Jewish Antiquities (c. 93)