Quiz # 2 Flashcards
What is Struggles of Orders?
From Latin: Ordo - Caste System- Born into Ordines
Two Orders in Ancient Rome
- Patrician: 10% of population –> “Fathers” of country - Noblitiy - Aristocrats
- Plebians: 90% of population –> everyone else
Written Law Code:
- Twelve tables of Roman Law (455-450 BCE)
- 10 patricians were tasked withs it creation
- Written on wood tablets in primitive Latin
Hortensian Law (287)
- Will threaten to leave Rome
- Revolts against the senate
What is Roman Law?
- 12 Tables of Roman Law (455-450 BCE)
a. foundation of all law - Criminal & Civil Law -> Crimen - Capitalis (Cives - Civil)
Give some examples of Crimes in Rome?
- Murder (unjustifed)
- Treason
- Perjury (lying under oath)
- Forgery
What did the Plebeian threaten?
Cessede from Rome
- 90% of population
- Forces senators to back down
- Appoint Dictator
a. Quintus Hortensius
b. 6 Month term = Dictators
Describe the Plebeian Council and how did they form?
- Can veto, propose laws (Legislative Body)
- Created Tribunes of the people
- Political Tribunes
What are Political Tribunes?
- Elected representatives (10)
- 1 year term
- Decisions on legislation must be unanimous
- Can sit/speak in senate
- Can’t vote in Senate
What are Optimate & Populares?
Replaced plebeias & Patricians after hortensian laws
What are 3 Punic Wars?
Date: (264 - 146 BCE)
- Turning point in Western Civ.
- Punic: punicus Phoenicians
Punic: latin form of phoenicans
- Term to demonize the enemy
- Language vastly different from that of Rome
- Became a word from someone untrustworthy
What is shorthand knowledge of the first Punic war?
War in Sicily
Date: (264-241 BCE)
Shorthand Knowledge for 2nd Punic War?
Carthage invaded Italy
Date (218-202 BCE)
Shorthand Knowledge for 3rd Punic War?
Genocide Rome destroys Carthage
date: (149-146 BCE)
What is etymology of Genocide?
Cido: to Kill
Geno: Race/Tribe/People
Why was Punic War Fought?
fought over resources (grain)
What are the battle differences between Rome and Carthage?
ROME:
- Little to no naval forces
- Little to no effective leadership
- can absorb massive casualties
CARTHAGE
- Mercenaries - No “traditional” army
- Great Generals
- Resorts to Guerilla Warfare
Define Attrition
Romans can wait/ wear the enemy down