Quiz 4 Flashcards
A case-control study is necessary:
Blinded
Retrospective
Randomized
Open-ended
Prospective
retro
A single cohort study may be used to study ______________, whereas a case-control study may be used to study _______________.
Treatments, diseases
Only one disease, multiple diseases
Multiple diseases, only one disease
Multiple exposures, one exposure
The measurements are moderately correlated and demonstrate poor agreement
Multiple diseases, only one disease
If I determined that health care costs increased linearly and consistently with age, I might call the relationship between the two a:
Best-fitting line
Positive correlation
Negative correlation
Null correlation
Causal effect
positive correlation
You are interested in identifying potential differences in treatment experiences for breast cancer patients based on the stage of cancer at diagnosis. You have recruited 100 breast cancer survivors for your study, with 25 subjects representing each stage of cancer (ie, Stage 1, 2, 3, and 4). You intend to interview each subject concerning her experiences and then compare experiences across groups. This would be an example of a(n) ___________ approach.
Cross-sectional
Cohort
Longitudinal
Case-control
Case study
cross sectional
You want to study risk factors associated with multiple diseases in a population. Your plan is to follow a sample over 10 years. Which study design are you proposing?
Cohort
Cross-sectional
Randomized controlled trial
Experimental
Case-control
cohort
You want to design a study to identify possible risk factors for multiple myeloma, a rare form of cancer that occurs in less than 1% of the population. Which of the following would be an optimal design for a first study in this area?
Cohort
Randomized controlled trial
Case-control
Experimental
Cross-sectional
case control
After analyzing the results of a cross-sectional study, I conclude that BMI and blood pressure are highly, positively correlated. I can conclude:
BMI and blood pressure are highly, positively correlated
Higher BMI causes higher blood pressure
Lower BMI is protective against hypertension
We need to advise people to lose weight
BMI and blood pressure are highly, positively correlated
One good use for an exploratory design would be to:
Confirm a relationship I had found in an earlier study
Gather data to preliminarily test a hypothesis
Establish a causal relationship
Establish the validity of my experimental design
Gather data to preliminarily test a hypothesis
In order to support a causal link between two variables, it is necessary to establish:
A correlation greater than 1.0
A correlation less than -1.0
Consensus among researchers
That the presence of on variable always leads to the presence of another
Causal precedence
Causal precedence
have received a $10,000 grant to identify the risk factors associated with tinnitus. With that amount, I can recruit 120 patients. Which design would be my best option?
Cross-sectional
Cohort
Case-control
Correlational
Case-control
