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HUM2020 > Quiz 4 > Flashcards

Quiz 4 Flashcards

1
Q

High Middle Ages

A

11th-13th Century

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2
Q

What are the characteristics of Gothic Architecture?

A

High ceilings, Grand/Tall Designs, Gargoyles, Stained glass, Pointed arches, and the emphasis on the ornate

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3
Q

Where was Gothic architecture customarily found?

A

Churches

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4
Q

What was another name for a church?

A

Jeweled Houses of God

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5
Q

What does Gothic mean?

A

A style of architecture, originating in France

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6
Q

What was the first Gothic Church?

A

Abbey Church of Saint-Denis

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7
Q

Where was Abbey Church of Saint-Denis located?

A

At the beginning of one of the Pilgrimage routes from Paris to Rome

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8
Q

Why Gothic style?

A

To incorporate as much stained glass to create divine light, arches were stronger than block walls, and less stone was required to build.

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9
Q

Within 100 years of _______ over 2700 churches were built in Gothic style.

A

Abbey Church of Saint-Denis

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10
Q

How is divine light made?

A

Stained glass had the power to transfix the pilgrim’s gaze and the devotion of the congregation.

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11
Q

Christian art of this period served as a didactic function. True or False.

A

True

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12
Q

Examples of didactic function

A

1.) Stained glass had scenes from the Bible
2.) Anyone could learn about the faith without having to read

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13
Q

Chartres has what aspect of Gothic Architecture?

A

Flying buttress

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14
Q

Flying Buttress

A

Are anchored to the ground below, and the top is anchored to the ceiling. This holds the building up straight.

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15
Q

Gargoyles

A

Act as protection from evil spirits

Scared people of the evil spirits and pulled them into the Church

Acted as gutters

Stabilized the buttress by adding a downward weight

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16
Q

Nave

A

Meant to inspire awe

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17
Q

Rib Vault with pointed arches

A

Made of stone and arches criss-cross in order to get the pointed arch ceiling

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18
Q

Rose window and lancets were…

A

Very colorful

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19
Q

What is on Panel 4:

A

Christ telling Good Samaritan parable to a couple of Pharisees
- Had detailed faces and expressions
-Circle around the head represents holiness

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20
Q

What was on Panel 5:

A

the Pilgrim leaving Jerusalem

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21
Q

What was on Panel 6:

A

A bandit prepares to attack the pilgrim

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22
Q

Aspects of Panel 6

A

-Lots of red
-The colors are very earthy
-Meant to draw people’s attention
-Not realism

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23
Q

Aspects of the Pisa Pulpit

A

-Lions at the bottom of the pillars
-Symbolize strength and power, a strong foundation
-Ionic pillars
-Carvings are 3D
-All space is taken up to carve

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24
Q

What was the disease that killed 30-60% of the European population?

A

The Black Death

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25
Q

Records stated what about the black death

A

-Half of Paris’ population of 100,000 people died
-Florence’s tax records suggest that 80% of the city’s population died within 4 months

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26
Q

What happened as a result of the deaths of laborers?

A

Drastic reduction of the amount of land under cultivation

27
Q

In an effort to keep their tenants what did landowners do?

A

Substitute wages or money rents in place of labor services

28
Q

The black death leads to a general rise in wages for artisans and peasants. True or False

A

True

29
Q

During this time we start to see_____.

A

A rise in the middle class

30
Q

Labors that survived are considered

A

skilled workers

31
Q

What does renaissance mean?

A

Rebirth

32
Q

Thinkers went back to ________.

A

Ancient Greek and Roman culture during the renaissance.

33
Q

Emphasized the ______ apart from ______.

A

Individuals apart from the religion.

34
Q

Where does the Renaissance start?

A

Starts in Italy with several port cities becoming independent city states

35
Q

What is secularism?

A

related to worldly things

36
Q

What is humanism?

A

system of thought that focuses on humans rather than divine matters

37
Q

What are port cities?

A

Connection points

38
Q

What was the focus of the literature?

A

Less on the Church and religion and more on greek/roman ideals of nature and beauty

39
Q

What subjects are a part of the humanities?

A

Grammer, poetry, philosophy, history, and Rhetoric

40
Q

A humanist is someone who

A

studies the humanities

41
Q

Who is Petrarch?

A

An Italian poet who traveled to monastic libraries throughout Europe found Latin manuscripts

42
Q

Petrarch wrote sonnets that focused on…

A

a love of nature like the old Roman writers

43
Q

William Shakespeare

A

Used plots from ancient texts rebooted in an updated way for his comedies, tragedies, and histories

44
Q

Johannes Gutenberg

A

Invented movable type printing press which led to the mass production of books. Allowing new ideas to spread through Europe faster.

45
Q

What was the focus of architecture, painting, and sculpture?

A

the human-centered world

46
Q

What was the central interest of art?

A

Imitating nature and rendering the human body in its most beautiful form

47
Q

Who was Filippo Brinelleschi?

A

An architect who Designed churches with classical columns and rounded arches

48
Q

A known work of Filippo Brinelleschi

A

Duomo in Florence

49
Q

Known works of Leonardi Da Vinci

A

Mona Lisa and The Last Supper

50
Q

What were the aspects of Da Vinci’s work?

A

He used the study of anatomy, worked with laws of perspective to create realism and made 2D paintings look 3D.

51
Q

Known works of Michaelangelo

A

The statue of David and The Sistine Chapel

52
Q

Known works of Jan Van Eck

A

Portrait of Giovanni Arnolfini and his wife
Madonna Adoved by the Carionicus Van der Paele

53
Q

The aspects of Jan Van Eck’s works

A

On a wooden panel with vibrant colors and captured true to life details

54
Q

What were the aspects of Michelangelo’s work?

A

He wanted to portray humans as a reflection of divine beauty

55
Q

What are the 10 qualities of a good shepherd?

A

-Have farsightedness
-Truthfulness
-Learned
-Just
-Be equitable
-Be pure
-Peacemaking
-Modest
-Piast
- Jesus met all these qualities and he was a good shepherd

56
Q

In the reading who offered the Christian viewpoint?

A

Pope Urban

57
Q

What were Pope Urban’s thoughts on the Crusades?

A

He supported the war and thought it was just.

58
Q

Who wanted to take back the Holy Land?

A

The Pope

59
Q

Reasons why people joined the Crusades

A

Forgiveness of sins
Protection from property being stolen
Immunity to lawsuits
No interest on loans
Free meals

60
Q

From the readings who was in the Crusades?

A

Fulcher and Solomon

61
Q

How does Ibn’s account differ from the others?

A

He was writing about the Crusades as a historian

62
Q

The Jewish view of the Crusades

A

The army slaughtered people who were unarmed and actions were justified due to revenge

63
Q

Solomon Bar Simson

A

A member of the Jewish community who was not in support of the war and he described battles he was involved in.

64
Q

Ibn Al-Athir

A

A historian

HUM2020 (5 decks)

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