Quiz #4 Flashcards
stress is subjective T or F
T - going to be different level of stress
ex car crash: one will worry about insurance, car damage
Appraisal of Stressors: Primary App. (3)
what you think about 1st: Harm, Threat, Challenge
Harm:
assessment of damage already been done by event: how bad is my car
Threat:
assessment of possible future damage: insurance rates will increase medical bills
Challenge:
potential to overcom an event: I can get a new car
Secondary appraisal 2
assessing coping abilities & resources
Assessing coping abilities
I can manage my own temper when taking with insurance
Resources
do I have extra money
Person-envio fit
idea that that stress tied to what your good at decreases stess: good at time managment so when ever there is t.m situations I wont be as stressed
Fight or flight response challenge
not applicable to all situations: can’t flee boss and can’t fight boss
Seyles - General Adaptation Syndrome (3)
alarm, resistance, exauhastion
resistance
period time of coping
exauhstion:
depletes physiological resources to cope (body gets sick)
GAS example
(a- car crash
r-thinking about how you can move forward
e-body feels like it can’t function anymore
critiiscims of GAS
- assumes exaahuation is the real problem because it depletes but really its resistance because of its effort to cope
- limited inclusion of psycho9logical factors
-assumes responses to stress are the same
Tend and Befriend
in response to stress you seek affiliation: prepare to be others going through the same thing
4 - Stress and illness
- direct effect on physiology (inc. heart rate)
- tend to have bad health behaviors (eating sweets)
- affect ability to cope with stress (don’t make good use of our social resources because we can be unpleasant wihen stressed
- when stressed may not seek health care
sympathetic activation:
when stressed it starts puomning your adrenal gland causing to ultipy cortisol levels and cause inflammation
HPA activation
hypothalamic, pituitary adrenocatical axis
pituitary adrenocatical axis
causes secretion of cortisol (stores carbs to use it when we need energy to run fro a bear)
Effects of long-term activation
-improper sleep
- not functioning proprly
- some hormones stay activated (epinephrine)
- immune system func stop
-cardiac func
-psych disorder
- increase storage of belly fat
individual differences of stress reactions tivivty
some people react diffrent to stress because pf
- gentics
-vhildhood
physiological recovery
how fast can you reviver
Allostasis
psychological systems within reflucuate to meet demands
Dimensions of stress (what causes stress)
- negative events
-uncontrollable events
-ambigious events
-overload
which stressors
Negative events
something bad happens to you or someone else (bad grades)
Uncontrollable events
I know what the problem is I don’t have the resources for it ( fire dept doesn’t know when the alarm will go off)
Ambiguous events
I have resources for the problem but I don’t know the issue (fluid under car I don’t know if its AC or something more major)
Overload
Too much to do not enough time.
Which Stessors
The more tied to your life it is the more stressful it is (graduating, finding a job) `
Perception to stress
some have diff resources and therefore react to stress differently
adapting to stress (psychological, physiological)
-if the stress if predecitbale than reduces its effects on health (IK I have finals still stressful but Ik its coming
- more chronically stressed you are more health problems you have. (children, elderly, poor)
Why are children more stressed?
can’t cognitively process what’s happening
Why are elderly more stressed?
about to die
already dealing w/ other health problems
why are the poor more stressed?
Limited resources
Adapting to stress: Habituate
we start to habituate to stressors, don’t hear it don’t notice it
Anticipating event
Its not just the even that is stressful its the anticipating part (boss needs to talk to you)
After effects of stress
sitting there thinking about it leads to dep.
Acute Stress Paradigm
They would bring participants in and stress them out
In the lab how did they measure stress (3)
Psychological - asked them about it
Psyhiological - monitored heart rate, bp
Neuronac - brainwave activy
How did they induce the disease
expose them to the virus and see if they get sick and track stress
what does daily stress and adjusters have in common?
higher scores means higher risk of illness
early stressful life experiences
having early stress in in childhood means more health problems
what is the challenge with measuring chronic stress and health?
hard bcuz you may be measuring sadness
solutions to the workplace (3)
reward for good work
-have meaningful rs (mentoring coaching)
-have perks (gym, cafe, daycare)
Women and multiple roles
working women have higher cortisol
protective effects of multiple roles
When you have multiples roles its good for you. Bad mom at least goof employee
for men they rely solely on job career they tie their rs with cateer
Men and multiple roles
marriage good for men emotional support, house chores
what do children worry about
home stuff, peer pressue
COPING def
beh used to manage internal/external demands of situation
Dynamis process of coping with stress
Its not a one time response its an ongoing set of responses
Breadth:COping with stress
can encompass a great many of reactions/actions
Negatively personality in coping with stress
higher nuerosicim bad health
Positivity:
optimistic associated with less health problems
Optimsim
Direct: don’t see label event as stressful
indirect: enagag in more active persistent behavior
psychological control
?
self- esteem
increase competence not just say awesome
conciertnouses
do things before hand to prevent stress from occurring (sunscreen on face so no cancer )
intellegence
helps understand what they needed to do to avoid conflict
Resillance
resources to deal with stress
Coping style: Avoidant
gets injured instead of feeling sad think what do I need to do feel better but eventually will come back to feel sad
Coping style: Ruminivate
feel emotion in the moment but continue to think about iut
Coping style: hypervigillabt
(fight or flight) take info quiclky usually right
approach v avoidence
avoid sometimes good because hate going to dentist do think about just do it
Problem focused
define problem, come up with stratgy
emotion focused
dealing w/emotion can be approach directed
emotional app
just had a break up -ackonlfiging feelings more healthy
external rs
family, vacation, parks
Stress management program
helps identify stressors
combat stress now
- helps w/self affirmation
-avoid negative self talk
-spend time thinking about stress what is coming before it
Assertiveness stress managemt sklls
saying no asking for help[
forms of social support
emotional suppoert
invisible support(don’t feel we owe send we didn’t know)
effects of SS on illness
where one is loved and cared for esteems and valued part of network comm. and mutual obligation.
-help reduce psychological distress sleep, better lower rate of getting viruses
-help have better health beh habits
-
Biopsychosocial pathways
in lab where stressing people out they found that sympathetic active subdued when near support companion lower cortisol levels
direct effects
SS always beneficial even when not stressed hate cooking even if to stressed still like that my husband cooks
buffering hypo
ss most important when stressed
extracting support
better able to get ss than others
- lower social anxiety better self disclosure skills (need to know when who)
