Quiz 3 Study Guide & Practice Quiz Questions Flashcards
Explain the different conflict management strategies.
Withdraw/avoid – Retreat & postpone for more opportune time
Smooth/accommodate – emphasize areas of agreement; conceding for sake of group harmony
Compromise/reconcile – search for solutions that somewhat satisfy all sides
Force/direct – pushing one’s viewpoint; offer only win-lose solutions
Collaborate/solve – incorporating multiple viewpoints; requires cooperation/positive attitude
Best practices in outsourcing project work include all the following EXCEPT
Short-term, no-pressure outsourcing relationships
Explain network of stakeholders (diagram)
Those in the inner circle are in closer relationship to the PM. Those in the outer are not as close.
Explain Project Closedown
Delivery acceptance from customer
Shutting down/releasing resources
Evaluations
Close accounts, pay bills
Deliver product
Create final report
Which are the main categories of cultural differences?
Differing views on:
Family/Friendship
Status/rank
Direct/indirect speech
Connection to government
Punctuality
What is a human resource plan?
Provides guidance on how project human resources should be defined, staffed, managed and released
Includes (at min) roles/responsibilities, org charts, and staffing mgmt. plan
When you are in Closing, your leadership style should be
Supportive
What is RBS?
A hierarchical representation of risks according to their risk categories.
The cost impact of a risk event occurring as a project proceeds through its life cycle tends to
Slowly rise
Explain cross-cultural considerations (in managing international projects/teams)
Language
Different (cultural) operating processes
Adaptation to local culture
Religious/ethnic groups.
What is risk management?
System of activities to increase the probability/impact of positive events and decrease probability/impact of negative ones
What is qualitative risk analysis?
Qualitative analysis prioritizes risks for further analysis or action by assessing and combining their impact and probability of occurrence.
The following are differences between the partnering approach and the traditional approach to managing contracted relationships EXCEPT
Contracts establish long-term commitments in the partnering approach while single project contracting is normal in the traditional approach
After the end of close procurement process, which of the following technique buyer usually use to identify successes and failures?
Procurement audit
What are the types of project constraints (resource sheduling problems)?
Technical/logical – related to network sequence in which activities must occur
Physical – activities that can’t occur in parallel or are affected by contractual or environmental factors
Resource – absence/shortage of, or unique relationship characteristics that require activities to be sequenced a certain way
What is quantitative risk analysis?
Quantitative analysis analyzes (numerically) the effects of identified risks and overall project objectives
Explain risk response strategies
Negative response strategies – Avoid. Transfer. Mitigate. Accept.
Positive strategies – Exploit (ensure). Share (bring in 3rd party). Enhance (modify size). Accept.
What are the quantitative risk strategies?
Sensitivity analysis (helps determine risks w/ greatest impact)
Decision Tree (EMV tool used to decide between 2 $ options)
Monte Carlo/What-If (The process of evaluating scenarios in order to predict their effect on project objectives; random sampling simulations.)
What are three types of organizational charts?
Hierarchical – work, organization and risk break down structures
Matrix – RAM, RACI, LRC
Text
How many/what are the different types of project communication?
Written formal
Informal
Oral formal
Informal
Non-Verbal.
List all project closure related activities
Wrap up activities: Customer approval/acceptance. Closing accounts/payments. Final reports. Checklist.
Performance evaluation: Team. Individual.
Retrospectives: Lessons learned. Independent facilitator
Explain how to conduct procurement
Obtain responses
Select seller
Award contract.
What is a responsibility matrix?
Chart that summarizes tasks to be accomplished and who is responsible for what on a project
How many processes are there for human resource management, and what are they?
4:
Plan Human Resource Management
Acquire Project Team
Develop Team
Manage Team
What is risk, and what are the risk types?
Risk – any uncertain events
Known risk: handled by planned risk responses, “known unknowns”
Unknown risk: handled by contingency $, “unknown unknowns”
List 2-3 team building activities?
Kick-off meeting
Establish group identity
Define ground rules
Project closures can fall into all of the following categories EXCEPT
Perpetual
Explain major contract types and who takes more risks (seller or buyer)
Fixed price (well defined. Riskier for seller)
Cost reimbursable (buyer reimburses seller + a fee. Riskier for buyer)
T&M (hybrid w/ features of both)
Guaranteed max (predefined ceiling. Seller reimbursed up to a point + a fee. Seller responsible for overruns. Savings are shared)
Explain difference between project closure and contract closure
Project closure: Addresses the final product or service
Contract closure addresses each project related contract.
List three to four techniques for acquiring a project team?
Pre-assignment (resources committed as part of the charter or a competitive proposal)
Negotiation (for example, with a HR or facility manager to get the people you need)
Acquisition (getting what you need elsewhere if not available in house)
Calculate the communication channel (N * (N – 1) /2)
Communication channel is the total number of potential communication channels is n(n – 1)/2, where n represents the number of stakeholders.
For example, a project with 10 stakeholders has 10(10 – 1)/2 = 45 potential communication channels.
List procurement closure related activities
Procurement audits
Negotiated settlements
Closed procurements
Procurement file
Deliverables acceptance
A lose-lose situation is
Compromising
Disadvantages of outsourcing project work may likely include all of the following EXCEPT
Increased costs
Explain the communication model
A description, analogy or schematic used to represent how the communication process will be performed for the project.
Encode. Transmit. Decode. Acknowledge. Feedback/Response
Which are the environmental risk factors that impact international projects?
Economic
Legal/political
Security
Infrastructure
Culture
Geography
What are differences between time-constrained and resource-constrained project?
Time constrained – must be completed by an imposed date; time is fixed
Resource constrained – resource level/amount can’t be exceeded
Explain the five stages of team building.
Forming – team meets & learns about project/roles. Independent
Storming – begin to work. Not productive if team not open to differing perspectives
Norming – teams begins working together, adjusting to each other
Performing – teams that get here function well. Interdependent
Adjourning – completes the work and moves on
During which stage of team development do members accept that they are part of a project group but resist the constraints that the project and the group put on their individuality?
Storming
What are the qualitative risk strategies?
Data quality assessment.
Categorization
Urgency assessment
P&I matrix
Explain the chance of risk occurring vs cost to fix risk graph
Risk have higher chance of occurring earlier in the project than later, and are more costly to address later in the project than earlier.
Explain whether an early termination of contract requires a full closure process (slide 26)
Early termination is a special case (based on default or mutual agreement), thus does not require a full closure process.
What is included in the final project report?
Executive summary
Review & analysis
Recommendations
Lessons learned
Appendix
Explain culture shock and the Culture Shock Cycle?
The confusion and uncomfortable feelings experienced when working outside of your cultural element.
Culture shock cycle:
Honeymoon stage (high mood)
Irritability/hostility stage (low mood)
Gradual adjustment stage (low/med mood)
Adaptation stage (med mood)
