Quiz 3: Eyes

Question 1

What are 3 very important questions to ask a pt regarding vision loss?

Answer 1

Uni- or Bilateral?
Sudden or gradual?
Painful or painless?

Question 2

Hyperopia, Myopia, Presbyopia, or Astigmatism?
A. Faraway objects appear blurry
B. Slow loss of ability to see close objects or small print
C. Close-up is blurry, distant is clear
D. Cornea/lens has a slightly different surface curvature

Answer 2

A. Myopia
B. Presbyopia
C. Hyperopia
D. Astigmatism

Question 3

Some causes of photophobia

Answer 3

Acute glaucoma, corneal disorder, migrane, conjunctivitis, allergies

Question 4

Scotoma or Floaters?
A. Deposits w/in the vitreous humor
B. “Blind spots”
C. From damage to nerve fiber layer in retina
D. A cause is posterior vitreous detachment with aging

Answer 4

A. Floaters
B. Scotoma
C. Scotoma
D. Floaters

Question 5

Heminopsia: Homonymous, Crossed, or Quadrant?
A. Same side of both eyes, can be transient, lose pupillary reflexes (usu optic tract problem)
B. Level of brain, pupillary reflex present, optic tract not affected
C. Opposite sides, often pituitary problem

Answer 5

A. Homonymous
B. Quadrant
C. Crossed

Question 6

Causes of dry eyes?

Answer 6

Aging (esp postmenopausal), Rx, Post eye surgery, Mal-positioned eyelids, Dry climate, Vit A deficiency, Chemical burn to eye, Dry eye syndromes (Sjogren’s, Keratoconjunctivitis sicca – which is bilateral dryness of eyes from lack of tears)

Question 7

Causes of Red Eye: Hemorrhage, Conjunctival, Ciliary?
A. Tortuous superficial vessels fade toward iris
B. Strain on b.v.s creates red splotch that is resorbed
C. Violet or rose fine straight deep vessels radiate out from limbus and fade toward periphery
D. Most serious, least common

Answer 7

A. Conjunctival injection
B. Hemorrhage
C. Ciliary injection
D. Ciliary injection

Question 8

Which kind of Conjunctivitis?
A. Acute onset, fever, copious thick purulent d/c
B. Velvety projxn on palpebral conjunct w eyelid eversion
C. Affects only 1 eye; most often on cornea
D. Usually bilateral superficial dilated vessels (injection)

Answer 8

A. Bacterial
B. Allergic - chronic
C. Herpes Simplex Virus (herpes keratitis)
D. Acute (pink eye)

Question 9

Which kind of Conjunctivitis?
A. Sudden mild to moderate to bilateral severe swelling of conjunctiva and lids
B. Concomitants = sore throat, rhinitis
C. Clear watery d/c, no pain, itchy, LA anterior to ear
D. Very itchy, mucous, large papillary bumps under eyelid

Answer 9

A. Allergic - acute
B. Viral
C. Allergic conjunctivitis
D. Giant papillary

Question 10

Which kind of Conjunctivitis?
A. Autoimmune response to pts proteins or contact lens
B. Triggers: fever, stress, sunlight, trauma, HIV, DM, zoster on tip of nose moving to cornea
C. Often ASx, usu bilateral mucopurulent keratoconjuct.
D. Thin watery d/c, itchy, pre-auricular LA

Answer 10

A. Giant papillary
B. Herpes Simplex Virus (herpes keratitis)
C. Trachoma
D. Viral

Question 11

Pinguecula or Pterygium?
A. Fatty deposits
B. Benign slightly raised bumps under conjunctiva
C. Conjunctival thickening from chronic irrit. (wind/dust)
D. Distinct triangular lesion may grow over cornea

Answer 11

A. Pinguecula
B. Pinguecula
C. Pterygium
D. Pterygium

Question 12

Corneal trauma, ulcer, or arcus?
A. Sx: Pain, photophobia, blepharospasm
B. Whitish deposits around limbus, usu in elderly
C. Etio: HSV, contacts, corneal injury, staph, strep, VZV
D. Sx: Sense for. body, mucopurulent d/c, blurred vision
E. PE: Evert lid, check cornea, use fluorescein stain to check for foreign body, check PERRLA, ophth. exam

Answer 12

A. Corneal trauma
B. Corneal arcus (Arcus senilis)
C. Corneal ulcer
D. Corneal ulcer
E. Corneal trauma