Quiz 3 (Ch 5 and 6): Prefixes, Suffixes and Roots Flashcards
Root: trophy*
development, nourishment
ex: hypertrophy - enlargement or overgrowth of an organ or tissue due to an increase in size of its cells
ex: atrophy - wasting away or decrease in size of an organ or tissue
Root: therap/o
healing, treatment
ex: therapy - treatment of a disorder
ex: radiotherapy - treatment that uses high-energy radiation to kill cancer cells or shrink tumors
Root: vascul*
blood vessel
ex: vasculitis - inflammation of blood vessels
ex: vasculgenesis - the process by which new blood vessels are formed during embryonic development
Root: sten/o
narrow, contract
ex: stenotic - an adjective used to describe something that is narrowed or contricted
ex: stenosis - the abnormal narrowing of a passage or opening in the body
Root: pector*
chest
ex: pectoral - related to the chest
ex: pectoralgia - pain in the chest, particularly the region of the pectoral muscles
Root: my/o*
muscle
ex: myalgia - muscle pain or discomfort
ex: myogram - a graphical record of the electrical activity occurring within muscle tissue during contraction and relaxation
Root: physic*
body
ex: physician - medical doctor who practices medicine, diagnosing and treating illnesses, injuries and diseases
Root: dors
back
ex: dorsal - refers to the back of an organism
ex: dorsiflexion - movement that involves bending the food upward toward the shin, decreasing the angle between the foot and the leg
Root: electr/o
electricity
ex: electrolyte - ions in the body that carry an electric charge and play essential roles in various physiological processes
ex: electrosurgery - surgical technique that uses high-frequency electrical currents to cut, coagulate, or remove tissue during surgical procedures
Prefix: mega
enormous
ex: megacolon - an abnormally enlarged or dialted colon
ex: megacystis - describe an abnormally enlarged urinary bladder
Prefix: tri
three
ex: triceps - large muscle located at the back of the upper arm and it is composed of three heads
ex: trichiasis - medical condition characterized by the abnormal growth or misdirection of eyelashes, causing them to rub against the surface of the eye
Prefix: hyper*
above normal, excessive
ex: hyperglycemia - high levels of glucose (sugar) in the blood
ex: hypercalcemia - condition characterized by abnormally high levels of calcium in the blood
Prefix: de*
without, out of, removal
ex: dehydration - condition where the body loses more fluids than it takes in, resulting in an imbalance of water and electrolytes
ex: debridement - medical procedure used to remove dead, damaged, or infected tissue from a wound or injury site
Prefix: a*
without, not
ex: aseptic - condition that is free from disease-causing microorganisms or pathogens
ex: aphasia - a language disorder characterized by difficulty understanding or producing spoken or written language
Prefix: end*
inside, within
ex: endoscope - medical instrument used for visual examination of the interior of a hollow organ or body cavity
ex: endometrium - inner lining of the uterus, which thickens during the menstrual cycle in preparation for potential embryo implantation
Prefix: im
in, not
ex: imbalance - lack or balance or equilibrium
ex: immobile: unable to move or be moved
Prefix: ad
toward, to, into
ex: adduction - movement of a body part toward the midline of the body or toward another body part
ex: adhesion - abnormal sticking together of tissues that are normally separate
Prefix: ab
away from
ex: abduction - refers to the movement of a body part away from the midline of the body or away from another body part
ex: absent - not present or lacking
Prefix: media*
middle
ex: medial: position or structure that is situated toward the midline
Suffix: algia*
pain, painful condition
ex: neuralgia - sharp, stabbing or burning pain that follows the path of a nerve
ex: odontalgia - known as toothache and is pain in or around a tooth or teeth
Suffix: lysis*
destruction, dissolve
ex: hemolysis - breakdown or destruction or red blood cells, leading to the release of hemoglobin into the bloodstream
ex: cytolysis - destruction or lysis of cells, leading to the rupture and release of intracellular contents
Suffix: plasty*
surgical repair
ex: rhinoplasty - surgical procedure to reshape or reconstruct the nose
Suffix: able
capable
ex: treatable - means capable of being treated or remedied
Suffix: ion*
action, condition, state
ex: infection - invasion and multiplication of harmful microorganisms, such as bacteria, viruses, fungi or parasites, within the body
ex: depression - mood disorder characterized by persistent feelings or sadness, hopelessness, and loss of interest…
Suffix: ary*
pertaining to
ex: coronary - related to the coronary arteries, which supply oxygenated blood to the heart muscle
ex: pulmonary - relates to the lungs and pulmonary system
Suffix: eal
pertaining to
ex: esophageal - relates to the esophagus, the muscular tube that connects the throat to the stomach and facilitates the passage of food and liquids during swallowing
ex: laryngeal - refers to the larynx or voice box
Suffix: sis
abnormal condition, process
ex: analysis - refers to the process of examining or studying something in detail to understand its components, structure, or nature
ex: crisis - critical or unstable situation
ex: thrombosis - formation of a blood clot (thrombus) within a blood vessel, obstructing blood flow and potentially leading to tissue ischemia or infarction
Suffix: ative
quality of
ex: qualitative - refers to the characteristics or qualities of something rather than its quantity
Suffix: gram
a record
ex: mammogram - x-ray image of the breast used for breast cancer screening and diagnosis
ex: urogram - x-ray examination of the urinary tract
