Quiz 3 (Ch 5 and 6): Prefixes, Suffixes and Roots

Question 1

Root: trophy*

Answer 1

development, nourishment

ex: hypertrophy - enlargement or overgrowth of an organ or tissue due to an increase in size of its cells

ex: atrophy - wasting away or decrease in size of an organ or tissue

Question 2

Root: therap/o

Answer 2

healing, treatment

ex: therapy - treatment of a disorder

ex: radiotherapy - treatment that uses high-energy radiation to kill cancer cells or shrink tumors

Question 3

Root: vascul*

Answer 3

blood vessel

ex: vasculitis - inflammation of blood vessels

ex: vasculgenesis - the process by which new blood vessels are formed during embryonic development

Question 4

Root: sten/o

Answer 4

narrow, contract

ex: stenotic - an adjective used to describe something that is narrowed or contricted

ex: stenosis - the abnormal narrowing of a passage or opening in the body

Question 5

Root: pector*

Answer 5

chest

ex: pectoral - related to the chest

ex: pectoralgia - pain in the chest, particularly the region of the pectoral muscles

Question 6

Root: my/o*

Answer 6

muscle

ex: myalgia - muscle pain or discomfort

ex: myogram - a graphical record of the electrical activity occurring within muscle tissue during contraction and relaxation

Question 7

Root: physic*

Answer 7

body

ex: physician - medical doctor who practices medicine, diagnosing and treating illnesses, injuries and diseases

Question 8

Root: dors

Answer 8

back

ex: dorsal - refers to the back of an organism

ex: dorsiflexion - movement that involves bending the food upward toward the shin, decreasing the angle between the foot and the leg

Question 9

Root: electr/o

Answer 9

electricity

ex: electrolyte - ions in the body that carry an electric charge and play essential roles in various physiological processes

ex: electrosurgery - surgical technique that uses high-frequency electrical currents to cut, coagulate, or remove tissue during surgical procedures

Question 10

Prefix: mega

Answer 10

enormous

ex: megacolon - an abnormally enlarged or dialted colon

ex: megacystis - describe an abnormally enlarged urinary bladder

Question 11

Prefix: tri

Answer 11

three

ex: triceps - large muscle located at the back of the upper arm and it is composed of three heads

ex: trichiasis - medical condition characterized by the abnormal growth or misdirection of eyelashes, causing them to rub against the surface of the eye

Question 12

Prefix: hyper*

Answer 12

above normal, excessive

ex: hyperglycemia - high levels of glucose (sugar) in the blood

ex: hypercalcemia - condition characterized by abnormally high levels of calcium in the blood

Question 13

Prefix: de*

Answer 13

without, out of, removal

ex: dehydration - condition where the body loses more fluids than it takes in, resulting in an imbalance of water and electrolytes

ex: debridement - medical procedure used to remove dead, damaged, or infected tissue from a wound or injury site

Question 14

Prefix: a*

Answer 14

without, not

ex: aseptic - condition that is free from disease-causing microorganisms or pathogens

ex: aphasia - a language disorder characterized by difficulty understanding or producing spoken or written language

Question 15

Prefix: end*

Answer 15

inside, within

ex: endoscope - medical instrument used for visual examination of the interior of a hollow organ or body cavity

ex: endometrium - inner lining of the uterus, which thickens during the menstrual cycle in preparation for potential embryo implantation

Question 16

Prefix: im

Answer 16

in, not

ex: imbalance - lack or balance or equilibrium

ex: immobile: unable to move or be moved

Question 17

Prefix: ad

Answer 17

toward, to, into

ex: adduction - movement of a body part toward the midline of the body or toward another body part

ex: adhesion - abnormal sticking together of tissues that are normally separate

Question 18

Prefix: ab

Answer 18

away from

ex: abduction - refers to the movement of a body part away from the midline of the body or away from another body part

ex: absent - not present or lacking

Question 19

Prefix: media*

Answer 19

middle

ex: medial: position or structure that is situated toward the midline

Question 20

Suffix: algia*

Answer 20

pain, painful condition

ex: neuralgia - sharp, stabbing or burning pain that follows the path of a nerve

ex: odontalgia - known as toothache and is pain in or around a tooth or teeth

Question 21

Suffix: lysis*

Answer 21

destruction, dissolve

ex: hemolysis - breakdown or destruction or red blood cells, leading to the release of hemoglobin into the bloodstream

ex: cytolysis - destruction or lysis of cells, leading to the rupture and release of intracellular contents

Question 22

Suffix: plasty*

Answer 22

surgical repair

ex: rhinoplasty - surgical procedure to reshape or reconstruct the nose

Question 23

Suffix: able

Answer 23

capable

ex: treatable - means capable of being treated or remedied

Question 24

Suffix: ion*

Answer 24

action, condition, state

ex: infection - invasion and multiplication of harmful microorganisms, such as bacteria, viruses, fungi or parasites, within the body

ex: depression - mood disorder characterized by persistent feelings or sadness, hopelessness, and loss of interest…

Question 25

Suffix: ary*

Answer 25

pertaining to

ex: coronary - related to the coronary arteries, which supply oxygenated blood to the heart muscle

ex: pulmonary - relates to the lungs and pulmonary system

Question 26

Suffix: eal

Answer 26

pertaining to

ex: esophageal - relates to the esophagus, the muscular tube that connects the throat to the stomach and facilitates the passage of food and liquids during swallowing

ex: laryngeal - refers to the larynx or voice box

Question 27

Suffix: sis

Answer 27

abnormal condition, process

ex: analysis - refers to the process of examining or studying something in detail to understand its components, structure, or nature

ex: crisis - critical or unstable situation

ex: thrombosis - formation of a blood clot (thrombus) within a blood vessel, obstructing blood flow and potentially leading to tissue ischemia or infarction

Question 28

Suffix: ative

Answer 28

quality of

ex: qualitative - refers to the characteristics or qualities of something rather than its quantity

Question 29

Suffix: gram

Answer 29

a record

ex: mammogram - x-ray image of the breast used for breast cancer screening and diagnosis

ex: urogram - x-ray examination of the urinary tract