Quiz 3

Question 1

An independent variable is also referred to as:

Answer 1

A factor

Question 2

Which one of the following procedures is an appropriate way to control for order effects in a within-subjects experiment? Arrange so that each condition:

Answer 2

Occurs equally often in each ordinal position

Question 3

The Latin square design controls for

Answer 3

Order, but not sequence effect

Question 4

In a factorial experiment, if there is an interaction effect:

Answer 4

There must be no main effects, there must be at least one main effect, there must be two main effects, any of the above may occur

Any of the above may occur

Question 5

In a mixed design experiment, independent variables are manipulated

Answer 5

Within subjects and between subjects

Question 6

A distinguishing characteristic of the non-equivalent control group design is that:

Answer 6

The subjects are not randomly assigned to the experimental and control groups

Question 7

Outline the reasons for and against a quasi-experimental approach

Answer 7

When a researcher is not able to meet all the requirements of a true experiment, he quasi-experiment can be used. On the negative side of using a quasiexperimental approach, this approach does not allow the researcher to control the signing of subject to conditions but my select subjects for the different conditions from pre-existing groups, and Wendy’s pre-existing groups are exposed to an independent variable, the researcher may not be able to confirm whether or not the change in behavior can be contributed to the independent variable or to differences that were already present in the group. A quasiexperimental approach is limited, therefore, when it comes to being able to rule out confounding variable’s, alternative hypotheses, or independent variables that may have caused the changes like a true experiment that randomly assigned the subject to conditions is. Another downside concerns a decrease in internal validity due to uncontrolled and confounded variables that are sometimes present in quasi-experiment that must take advantage of specific situations/events that must be studied quickly. Not being able to randomly allocate subject to conditions also lowers the internal validity.

Quasiexperimental approaches can have the benefit of doing natural experiments using subjects in environments in the real world, which can provide experiment with more external validity of the settings answer the research questions more effectively than a true experiment can. When the conditions of an experiment cannot permit the random assignment of subject to conditions, using a quasiexperimental approach at least provides the opportunity to do the research and set of doing no research at all. It is beneficial in situations when all factors cannot be controlled, when the realism it provides is very important to the results of the study, and when I can answer the research question more affectively than other methods

Question 8

In a quasi-experiment, the researcher:

Answer 8

Selects subjects for different conditions from pre-existing groups