Quiz 3

Question 1

What does AAMR stand for?

Answer 1

American Association of Mental Retardation

Question 2

What does AAIDD stand for?

Answer 2

American Association Intellectual Disabilities

Question 3

What public law stated that people could no longer use mental retardation in an IEP?

Answer 3

PL 111-256

Question 4

What are the two limitations characterized by ID?

Answer 4

• intellectual functioning
• adaptive behavior

Question 5

When does an ID originate?

Answer 5

Before someone turns 22

Question 6

What is used to classify an ID?

Answer 6

WISC-V

Question 7

Name the four prenatal chromosomal syndromes?

Answer 7

• Down syndrome
• fragile X syndrome
• prayer-willi syndrome
• Williams syndrome

Question 8

What is the most common chromosomal syndrome?

Answer 8

Down syndrome

Question 9

Where does Down syndrome occur?

Answer 9

21st chromosome

Question 10

What is the most commonly known hereditary cause of an ID?

Answer 10

Fragile X syndrome

Question 11

What is the second most common chromosomal syndrome?

Answer 11

Fragile X syndrome

Question 12

Where does fragile X syndrome occur?

Answer 12

23rd chromosome

Question 13

What is the leading genetic cause of obesity?

Answer 13

Prater-willi syndrome

Question 14

Where does Williams syndrome occur?

Answer 14

7th pair of chromosomes

Question 15

Name one inborn metabolic errors?

Answer 15

Phenylketonuria (PKU)

Question 16

Where can bodies not break down certain substances like carbs and amino acids?

Answer 16

PKU

Question 17

Name two developmental brain disorders.

Answer 17

• Microcephalous
• hydrocephalus

Question 18

What developmental brain disorder is the head abnormally small and life expectancy is short?

Answer 18

Microcephalous

Question 19

Name three environmental prenatal causes of an ID.

Answer 19

• fetal alcohol syndrome
• Zika virus
• rubella

Question 20

What is another name for German measles?

Answer 20

Rubella

Question 21

Name three perinatal causes of an ID.

Answer 21

• anoxia
• low birthweight
• syphilis/herpes simplex

Question 22

What is a complete deprivation of oxygen that occurs at delivery?

Answer 22

Anoxia

Question 23

What weight is considered low birthweight?

Answer 23

5.5lbs or under

Question 24

Name two postnatal causes of an ID.

Answer 24

• biological
• encephalitis

Question 25

What divides mental age by chronological age then multiplies it by 100 to find the child’s IQ?

Answer 25

WISC-V

Question 26

What is the understanding and interpreting people and their intent?

Answer 26

Social intelligence

Question 27

What is being able to solve every day problems?

Answer 27

Practical intelligence

Question 28

What are areas of deficit in adaptive behavior?

Answer 28

- motivation - language - working memory - metacognition - gullibility

Question 29

What is the ability to keep information in mind while simultaneously doing another cognitive task?

Answer 29

Working memory

Question 30

What is a person’s awareness of what strategies are needed to perform a task, the ability to plan how to use the strategies, and the evaluation of how well the strategies are working?

Answer 30

Metacognition

Question 31

When was Atkins v Virginia?

Answer 31

2002

Question 32

What is an observable characteristic or trait of an organism?

Answer 32

Behavioral phenotypes

Question 33

What is teaching academics in the context of daily living skills?

Answer 33

Functional academics

Question 34

What is believing that you have control over the events you will be facing today?

Answer 34

Being psychologically empowered

Question 35

What is knowing and accepting your own strengths and weaknesses?

Answer 35

Being self-realized

Question 36

Who came up with “learning disabled”?

Answer 36

Samuel Kirk

Question 37

What does LDA stand for?

Answer 37

Learning Disabilities Association

Question 38

Which definition for learning disabilities states that it is a disorder in one or more basic psychological processes (memory, perception, sensation, etc) involved in understanding or using spoken or written language which may manifest itself in an imperfect ability to listen, think, speak, read, write, spell, or do math calculations?

Answer 38

Federal (1975)

Question 39

What does NJCLD stand for?

Answer 39

National Joint Committee on Learning Disabilities

Question 40

Which definition for learning disabilities includes adults and not just children and was dissatisfied with the federal definition?

Answer 40

NJCLD

Question 41

What does APA stand for?

Answer 41

American Psychiatric Association

Question 42

Which definition of relearning disabilities is used by the medical field?

Answer 42

APA

Question 43

What is considered ability?

Answer 43

IQ

Question 44

What is considered achievement?

Answer 44

SS (standard score)

Question 45

What is the federally preferred method of identification for learning disabilities?

Answer 45

Response to intervention

Question 46

What percentage of 6-21 year olds are diagnosed with learning disabilities in public schools in the US?

Answer 46

3.5%

Question 47

What is the ratio of LD cases in boys and girls in America?

Answer 47

2:1 boys over girls

Question 48

What checks the structure of the brain?

Answer 48

MRI

Question 49

What is a functional MRI?

Answer 49

FMRI

Question 50

Name four ways to check for neurological dysfunction?

Answer 50

- MRI - fMRI - PET scan - ERPs

Question 51

What are two studies done for genetic causes of LDs?

Answer 51

- familiarity studies - heritability studies

Question 52

What is another word for identical twins?

Answer 52

Monochromatic

Question 53

What is another word for fraternal twins?

Answer 53

Dichromatic

Question 54

What means that every group will have different LDs?

Answer 54

Inter-individual difference

Question 55

What means that one person may show strengths in some areas and weaknesses in others?

Answer 55

Intro-individual difference

Question 56

What describes the wide range of characteristics in abilities seen in students with learning disabilities?

Answer 56

Heterogeneity

Question 57

What are two types of dyslexia?

Answer 57

- SWRD (specific word reading disability) - SRCD (specific reading comprehension disorder)

Question 58

What is a learning disability that affects a person’s ability to read (decoding) and spell (encoding) despite normal ability?

Answer 58

Dyslexia

Question 59

What is being able to think about your own thoughts?

Answer 59

Metacognition

Question 60

What is a specific writing disability where sometimes the writing is illegible?

Answer 60

Dysgraphia

Question 61

What is a specific learning disability in math with computation and word problems?

Answer 61

Dyscalculia