Quiz 3 Flashcards
other factors that contributed to the acceptance of the Spanish colonial order
- convenience of the pueblos
- incentives to the principalia
- civilizing mission guided by Christianity
factors that made the resistance in the Mindanao sultanates strong
- wealth
- armies
- supported by the Europeans and Chinese
- pangangayaw
the practice of _____ allowed sultans to organize armies that particularly targeted the Catholic Spanish and natives
jihad
after jihad was prohibited when the sultanates were forced to enter peace agreements with the Spanish, this was replaced with _____ or surprise attacks using the blade ____
juramentado; kris
specific Spanish military strategy in colonizing the Cordilleras
misiones vivas: Spanish settlements at the foot of the mountains (Ilocos)
why did attempts in misiones vivas fail?
- complex and unfamiliar mountainous topography
- Ygolotes’ tendency to easily relocate
- practice of headhunting
- ineffective sending of Ilocano soldiers
how were the sporadic revolts different from jihad?
they were:
1. poorly coordinated and confined to small areas
2. intermittent and usually very brief
3. directed against specific policies
revolt led by Sulayman and Lakandula and defeated by gov-gen Guido de Lavezaris who brought reinforcements from Mexico
Tagalog Revolt
plan to overthrow the Spanish by killing those in Intramuros; led by Magat Salamat
Tondo Conspiracy
who revealed the Tondo Conspiracy to the authorities?
Antonio Surabao
which bayugins revolted in Visayas before being defeated by Juan de Alcarazo?
Tamblot and Pagali
what religious order did Apolinario dela Cruz (Hermano Pule) form after being rejected from the Dominican order?
Cofradia de San Jose
why did Diego and Gabriela Silang revolt?
they wanted to abolish the encomienda system
which British governor general promised Silang Ilocano independence in exchange for their collaboration?
Dawsonne Drake
Diego was betrayed by ______ and ______ after he began to tax members of the principalia as the new alcalde-mayor of Vigan.
Miguel Vicos; Pedro Becbec
why did the sporadic revolts fail?
- lack of nationalism
- traitors
Rebellion caused by the refusal of Fr. Gaspar de Morales to provide a proper Catholic burial to Sagarino; longest revolt in Philippine history
Francisco Dagohoy Rebellion
what agreement ended the War of the Spanish Succession and installed Philippe of the Bourbon as the new Spanish King?
Treaties of Utrecht
what ideas and practices of the French Enlightenment did Philip V bring to Spain?
- reason
- science
- economic development
- separation of church and state
what were the collective widespread political and economic changes initiated by Philip V across the Spanish Empire?
Bourbon Reforms
which gov-gen was deeply economic-minded and helped implement the Bourbon Reforms in the Philippines?
Jose Basco
what did gov-gen Jose Basco form to assess the economy?
Real Sociedad Economica de Amigos del Pais
what did the Real Sociedad Economica de Amigos del Pais report on the Galleon Trade?
- it only allowed a small merchant class to exist
- it failed to develop local products and industries due to the preference for Chinese products
what were the recommendations based on the Real Sociedad Economica de Amigos del Pais report?
- invest in local agricultural products for export
- invite Chinese to emigrate into the colony
- create a bigger merchant class
what were the effects of the Real Compañia de Filipinas which organized a direct trade route to Spain through the Indian Ocean?
- encouraged the development of local products
- allowed non-Spanish residents to use it, creating competition for the Galleon Trade
what were the effects of the shut down of the Galleon Trade?
- lack of a clear and legal way to export and import products from and to the Philippines
- lost situado (revenues from Mexico)
what were the effects of Manila fully opening to world trade to the colony?
- commercialization of agriculture
- influx of foreigners and foreign companies
- development of infrastructure and communication
what changes occurred to Spanish economic policies in response to the demands of world trade?
- encomienda system replaced with cedula personal and polo y servicios shortened to 15 days
- monocropping, monopoly, and haciendas (managed through the inquilino system)
- miscegenation
what were the three programs enrolled in by the clase media?
medicine, law, priesthood
before the GomBurZa, who headed the secularization movement in the Philippines?
Fr. Pedro Pelaez
what triggered the Cavite Mutiny of 1872?
Gov-Gen Rafael Izquierdo revoked the privileges of native soldiers and required them to be polistas.
what were the two evidence used against the GomBurZa?
- testimony by Francisco Saldua
- invitation letter found in Fr. Zamora’s possession
reasons why the Gomburza were executed despite being priests
- they were products of the USC
- they were part of the clase media
- they were not full-blooded Spanish
coordinated efforts by the ilustrados to introduce reforms in the Philippines
the Propaganda Movement
what were the goals of the Propaganda Movement?
- elevate the Philippines’ status into an official Spanish province (citizenship, normal laws, representatives to the congress)
- intensify the secularization
- more educational reforms
- improvement of economic conditions
what methods were used by the Propaganda Movement?
political lobbying and writing
which organization was formed by the ilustrados to lobby for the provincehood of the Philippines?
Asosacion Hispano-Filipino
what were the releases of the La Solidaridad?
- exposes and articles on friar abuse
- editorials favoring the PH’s provincehood
- pieces highlighting the ilustrados’ achievements
what was the colonial government’s own newspaper made to counter the claims of the Sol?
La Politica de España en Filipinas
why did the Sol shut down?
- lack of funding
- changing perspective of the ilustrados
what civic organization did Rizal establish when he returned to the Philippines?
La Liga Filipina
what were the goals of the La Liga Filipina?
- unite the archipelago
- defend the colonial subjects
which gov-gen ordered the arrest of Rizal?
Eulogio Despujol
who was the first supremo of the Katipunan?
Deodato Arellano
what were the political, moral, and civic goals of the Katipunan?
- political: independence
- moral: good manners and religiosity
- civic: assist the poor and oppressed
method used by the Katipunan for recruitment before being replaced by mass recruitment
sistemang patatsulok
_____ headed the women’s chapter of the Katipunan and was directly related to the member ________
Josefa Riza; Pasiano Rizal
the Katipunan sought the suggestions of Rizal by sending ______ to Dapitan
Dr. Pio Valenzuela
what were Rizal’s suggestions for the Katipunan?
- collect enough weapons
- enlist the support of the clase media families
- choose a competent military leader
