Quiz 3 Flashcards
What is Hemispatial inattention (neglect)?
A condition that causes difficulty in receiving sensory stimuli in the field opposite to the involved hemisphere. A major cause is damage to parietal lobe.
What is Jargon? Give an example
unintelligible words that usually follow our phonological rules of language. (made up words that sound like real words) or unintelligible words that bear no relationship to the stimulus “floogan”
What are circumlocutions? Give an example
Empty speech (the thing by the thing is that thing), a description of the use or function of the item to be named, or using a word that is correct semantically and syntactically but is not in common usage.
What are neologisms? Give an example
Made up words, expressions and usage that make sense “ink pencil”
What is verbal paraphasia? Give an example
Confusion with closely associated words (saying son instead of daughter or driving range instead of parking lot)
What is phonemic paraphasia? Give an example
When the sound as part of the word is still in the process of being retrieved (Saying fable, sable, or cable instead of table)
What is Agrammatism?
a non-fluent output that is rich in substantive words but sparse in function words “Grab wallet purse” for “Please, grab my wallet from my purse”
What is paragrammatism?
A fluent output lacking substantive words and over using function words
What is fluent aphasia?
Output, production, articulation, and phrase length remain normal but a lot of meaningless, empty talk and many paraphasias of the phonemic, verbal, neologistic, and jargon types. Lack of awareness of condition = no frustration over condition
What is non-fluent aphasia?
When there is decreased output, increased effort, defective articulation, and decreased phrase length but primitive syntax, and fewer paraphasias of the phonemic, verbal, neologistic, and jargon types. Awareness of the impairment = frustration
What does BDAE stand for?
Boston Diagnostic Aphasia Examination 3
What does WAB stand for?
western Aphasia battery enhanced.
What type of tests are WAB and BDAE?
Four-Modality tests
What do the WAB and BDAE assess?
These tests assess all four modalities of speaking, listening, reading and writing. The BDAE and WAB are the only tests that can place patients in the classic aphasia categories.
What is the corpus callosum for?
It is a thick bundle of fibers between the hemispheres
What is the corpus callosum important?
allows the two hemispheres to communicate.
What are the ventricles?
cavities, spaces in the brain, connected by small canals. 4 on each side
What is the Cerebellum for?
Does not generate new nerve impulses, it does not initiate new. Helps movements flow together
What is the brainstem for?
The brainstem connects the cerebrum to the spinal cord. One of its main purposes is to allow the motor commands of the cerebrum to go down to the spinal cord ad allows sensory information to go up through the spinal cord up to the cerebrum and up to the process.
What are two major structures of diencephalon?
Thalamus and Basal Ganglia
What is the major purpose of the thalamus?
Thalamus is a relay station. Projects sensory information up to the brain (All except for smell(olfactory)) Also sends motor information down.
What is the major purpose of the basal ganglia?
Basal Ganglia is important for motor control, motor learning, executive function and behaviors and emotions
Where is the diencephalon located?
The white matter deep in the cerebrum
What are the 3 layers of the meninges from most superficial to deepest?
Dura Mater, Arachnoid and Pia Mater
