Quiz 3

Question 1

What is Hemispatial inattention (neglect)?

Answer 1

A condition that causes difficulty in receiving sensory stimuli in the field opposite to the involved hemisphere. A major cause is damage to parietal lobe.

Question 2

What is Jargon? Give an example

Answer 2

unintelligible words that usually follow our phonological rules of language. (made up words that sound like real words) or unintelligible words that bear no relationship to the stimulus “floogan”

Question 3

What are circumlocutions? Give an example

Answer 3

Empty speech (the thing by the thing is that thing), a description of the use or function of the item to be named, or using a word that is correct semantically and syntactically but is not in common usage.

Question 4

What are neologisms? Give an example

Answer 4

Made up words, expressions and usage that make sense “ink pencil”

Question 5

What is verbal paraphasia? Give an example

Answer 5

Confusion with closely associated words (saying son instead of daughter or driving range instead of parking lot)

Question 6

What is phonemic paraphasia? Give an example

Answer 6

When the sound as part of the word is still in the process of being retrieved (Saying fable, sable, or cable instead of table)

Question 7

What is Agrammatism?

Answer 7

a non-fluent output that is rich in substantive words but sparse in function words “Grab wallet purse” for “Please, grab my wallet from my purse”

Question 8

What is paragrammatism?

Answer 8

A fluent output lacking substantive words and over using function words

Question 9

What is fluent aphasia?

Answer 9

Output, production, articulation, and phrase length remain normal but a lot of meaningless, empty talk and many paraphasias of the phonemic, verbal, neologistic, and jargon types. Lack of awareness of condition = no frustration over condition

Question 10

What is non-fluent aphasia?

Answer 10

When there is decreased output, increased effort, defective articulation, and decreased phrase length but primitive syntax, and fewer paraphasias of the phonemic, verbal, neologistic, and jargon types. Awareness of the impairment = frustration

Question 11

What does BDAE stand for?

Answer 11

Boston Diagnostic Aphasia Examination 3

Question 12

What does WAB stand for?

Answer 12

western Aphasia battery enhanced.

Question 13

What type of tests are WAB and BDAE?

Answer 13

Four-Modality tests

Question 14

What do the WAB and BDAE assess?

Answer 14

These tests assess all four modalities of speaking, listening, reading and writing. The BDAE and WAB are the only tests that can place patients in the classic aphasia categories.

Question 15

What is the corpus callosum for?

Answer 15

It is a thick bundle of fibers between the hemispheres

Question 16

What is the corpus callosum important?

Answer 16

allows the two hemispheres to communicate.

Question 17

What are the ventricles?

Answer 17

cavities, spaces in the brain, connected by small canals. 4 on each side

Question 18

What is the Cerebellum for?

Answer 18

Does not generate new nerve impulses, it does not initiate new. Helps movements flow together

Question 19

What is the brainstem for?

Answer 19

The brainstem connects the cerebrum to the spinal cord. One of its main purposes is to allow the motor commands of the cerebrum to go down to the spinal cord ad allows sensory information to go up through the spinal cord up to the cerebrum and up to the process.

Question 20

What are two major structures of diencephalon?

Answer 20

Thalamus and Basal Ganglia

Question 21

What is the major purpose of the thalamus?

Answer 21

Thalamus is a relay station. Projects sensory information up to the brain (All except for smell(olfactory)) Also sends motor information down.

Question 22

What is the major purpose of the basal ganglia?

Answer 22

Basal Ganglia is important for motor control, motor learning, executive function and behaviors and emotions

Question 23

Where is the diencephalon located?

Answer 23

The white matter deep in the cerebrum

Question 24

What are the 3 layers of the meninges from most superficial to deepest?

Answer 24

Dura Mater, Arachnoid and Pia Mater

Question 25

What are the meninges for?

Answer 25

Protect the brain and the whole CNS

Question 26

What are the two spaces in between?

Answer 26

Subdural space (between dura and arachnoid) and subarachnoid space (between Arachnoid and Pia)