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Physical Disabilities > Quiz 3 > Flashcards

Quiz 3 Flashcards

0
Q

What is rotator cuff tear

A

When the tendons of the rotator cuff separate from the bone

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1
Q

What is Bursa

A

A cushion between bones to prevent bone on bone grind

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2
Q

What is frozen shoulder

A

Adhesive capsulitis is another name for this And it leads to stiffness of the joint

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3
Q

What is calcific tendonitis

A

A condition of calcium deposits within a tndon, most commonly within the rotator cuff tendons

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4
Q

What are some effects of shoulder pain

A

Inability to carry objects
Injury that causes deformity of the joint
Inability to raise the arm
Pain that occurs at night or while resting
Swelling or significant bruising around the joint or arm

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5
Q

What are some treatments for shoulder pain

A 
Rest
Ice and heat application
Stretching
Occupational therapy
Anti-inflammatory medications
Cortizone injections
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6
Q

Do you use ice or heat when there is swelling

A

Ice

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7
Q

What is the condition when the space that holds the tendons and bursa become too narrow to accommodate them

A

Impingement syndrome

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8
Q

What are some symptoms of Shoulder bursitis

A

Pain with overhead activities
Pain while sleeping at night
Pain over the outside of the shoulder/upper arm

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9
Q

What type of test is usually used to diagnose the rotator cuff tear

A

MRI

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10
Q

When the rotator cuff is injured, it’s the what of the rotator cuff that is injured?

A

Tendons

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11
Q

What are some symptoms of rotator cuff tears

A

Most common symptoms is pain Over the top of the shoulder and arm
The pain can decend down the outside of the arm and all the way to the elbow
Weakness causes difficulty lifting arm up over head or difficulty with activities such as reaching, getting dressed, or carrying objects

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12
Q

What are the primary goals during the acute phase of hand injuries

A

Pain relief, maintaining joint and limb alignment, and restoring function of the primary goals

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13
Q

When prolonged immobilization is Necessary, it is usually best to place the patients hand in what position

A

Intrinsic plus position

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14
Q

In acute hand injuries, is the no pain no gain true

A

No

No pain better gain is more accurate

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15
Q

Should PROM be used in acute hand injuries

A

PROM can be injurious. You can disturb healing tissues, cause further inflammation, and damage structures

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16
Q

What should you not use on patients who have edema or swelling

A

Heat

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17
Q

What is a better activity for patients to do with an acute hand injury

A

Perform activity like turning a lid rather than squeezing a ball

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18
Q

What should A therapist do during an assessment of an acute hand injury after surgery

A

Observe the appearance of the upper extremity, position of hand/arm at rest, and the position the patient carries it in.
Look for lacerations, sutures, evidence of recent surgery, skin integrity
Always follow universal precautions for all wounds.
Observe scar location, length width, and height
Any scar crossing a joint may form a contracture
The affected part should be compared to the unaffected part

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19
Q

When is hand strength usually assessed

A

After the healing phase of trauma

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20
Q

What is measured to assess the presence of edema

A

Hand volume using things such as a volumeter

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21
Q

When assessing nerve damage, test can be divided into four categories. What are those categories

A

Test for pain, heat, cold, touch pressure
Functional tests to assess the quality sensation
Objective tests that do not require the participation of the patient
Provocative tests that reproduce symptoms

22
Q

What are some good tests used for carpal Tunnel diagnosis

A 
Tinel's sign
Phalen's test
Carpal compression
Elbow flexion for a period of 3 to 5 minutes
Vibration
23
Q

What is Tinel’s sign

A

Gently tapping along the course of the nerve, starting distally and moving proximately to elicit a tingling sensation in the fingertips

24
Q

What is Phalen’s test

A

It’s when you flex the wrist dorsum of hands pressing them together. Hold for one minute. Test is positive if tingling in the medial nerve distribution

25
Q

What are some assessment tests for dexterity

A 
Minnesota rate of manipulation test
Box and block
Perdue pegboard
9 hole peg test
Jebson test of hand function
TEMPA
26
Q

What are some basic interventions for edema

A

Elevation, massage, compression, and AROM

Contrast bath

27
Q

What are some basic interventions for wound healing and scar remodeling

A

Compression and desensitization are used to promote Scar softening and maturation.
Silicone gel pads can help promote scar maturation

28
Q

More than half of occupational illnesses and disorders are due to what

A

Overuse

29
Q

Treatment during the acute phase of a hand injury is R.I.C.E.
What does it stand for

A

Rest
Ice
Compression
Elevation

30
Q

What are some ways to treat tendinitis

A

Pain must be avoided
Address reaching a gripping
Ergonomic adjustments can have dramatic effects
Exercise to increase proximal stability and scapular stabilization
Teach patience to avoid wrist deviation, especially in conjunction with pinching
Provide Built-handles

31
Q

One of the four areas that are affected by tendinitis

A

Extensor carpi ulnaris
Flexor carpi radialis
Flexor carpi ulnaris
Flexor tenosynovitis (trigger finger)

32
Q

How do you treat radial nerve injury

A

Innervates the extensor group of the forearm. Sensory loss of radial nerve does not usually result in dysfunction.
A dorsal splint that provides wrist extension, MCP extension, thumb extension to protect the extensor tendon from over stretching

33
Q

What does the Medial nerve injury do and treated

A

Innervates the flexors of the forearm

Splints that position in Palmer abduction with slight opposition.

34
Q

What does an ulnar nerve injury do and how is it treated

A

Innervates only the flexor carpi ulnaris, median half of the FTP, and intrinsics.
Results in hyperextension of MCPs at RF and small finger
Splints should block hyperextension of MCPs

35
Q

What is the most common fracture

A

Distal radius which is typically a result from a fall on outstretched hand

36
Q

What’s some general information about rheumatoid arthritis

A

Chronic, systematic, autoimmune disorder
Body attacks itself
Inflammation of joints will occur over long periods of time
Damage done during the active stage remains
Usually occurs between the ages 30 and 40
Women are three times more commonly affected than men

37
Q

What are some common symptoms of RA

A 
Fatigue
Loss of appetite
Fever
Weight-loss
Overall achiness or stiffness 
synovitis
38
Q

In RA, joint swelling results from what

A

Abundance of synovial fluid

Enlargement of the synovium

39
Q

What will inflamed joints look and feel like

A

Warm, swollen, tender, often red
Difficult or painful to move
Typically accompanied by a loss of range of motion, strength, endurance

40
Q

In RA, what are the most common sites of thumb inflammation

A

MCP joints

CMC joints

41
Q

In RA, As inflammation continues what happens

A

It’s invades Cartlidge, bone, tendons and secretes enzymes that damaged them

42
Q

What are the joints most affected by RA

A 
Wrist
Thumb
Hand
PIP
MCP
43
Q

What are some common deformities of RA

A

Swan neck deformity
Boutonnière deformity
Trigger finger

44
Q

What is osteoarthritis

A

Disease that causes breakdown of cartilage in joints leading to joint pain and stiffness
Not inflammatory
Referred to as the wear and tear disease
More common in men at the age of 45, beyond 54 years, more common in women

45
Q

Osteoarthritis can affect any joint, but most frequently seen where

A

Weight-bearing joints such as the hips, knees, spine
Metatarsal phalangeal joints of the big toe
DIP, PIP joints of the hands and carpometacarpal joint at the base of the thumb

46
Q

What are some symptoms of osteoarthritis

A

Appears as minor aches or soreness with movement.
Pain most frequently felt after long periods of inactivity.
Become stiff, although movement is possible
If not moved, surrounding musculature becomes weak

47
Q

What is Osteophytes

A

Bone spurs may form in fingers or base of the thumb.
Hard to the touch
If seen at the DIP joint = Heberden’s nodes
If seen at the PIP joint = Bouchard’s nodes
Most common symptom is pain with motion

48
Q

What is Gout

A

Metabolic disease marked by urate deposits that cause recurrent acute episodes of arthritis
Occurs in the middle aged men who are 40 to 50 years old, rarely occurs in women until after menopause

49
Q

What is Crepitation

A

Seen in both RA and OA and occurs as the joints degenerate.

Characterized by a grating, crunching, or popping sensation and/or sound.

50
Q

What is joint laxity

A

Describes ligamentous instability and major cause for loss of hand function

51
Q

What is the medical management for Arthritis

A

No known cure, treatment geared towards reducing inflammation, pain, and joint damage
Drug therapy such as aspirin, NSAIDS, steroids
Surgical intervention

52
Q

What is some occupational therapy intervention for osteoarthritis

A

Evaluation should consider factors such as: Morning stiffness, medication schedule, activity tolerance, proper positioning
Energy conservation joint protection techniques are essential in all areas of ADL

53
Q

What’s OTs major treatment objectives for RA or OA

A

Maintain or increase joint mobility and strength
Increased physical endurance
Prevent, correct, or minimize the effect of deformities
Maintain or increase ability to perform ADL
Increased knowledge
Psychological

Physical Disabilities (3 decks)

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