Quiz 2 Review Flashcards
1
Q
- Major contrasts between Primary and Permanent Teeth:
- What is the size difference?
- cervical ridges ?
- color?
- root shapes?
A
-Primary teeth are SMALLER in overall size and crown dimension.
- Primary teeth have markedly more prominent cervical ridges & are NARROW at their “necks” (the location that surrounds the cervical line)
- Primary teeth are LIGHTER in color
- Primary posterior teeth (molars) have roots that are more WIDELY FLARED
2
Q
- Anterior Root Comparisons:
- How do the roots of primary anterior teeth compare to their crowns ?
- What produces a marked difference in the cervical area ?
A
- The roots of primary aneroid teeth are NARROWER & LONGER compared to their crowns
- NARROW roots w/ WIDE crowns produce a MARKED DIFFERENCE in the cervical area
3
Q
Incisal View- Primary Maxillary Central Incisor:
- Mesiodistal measurement is what compared to faciolingual?
- Incisal ridge ?
- Facial surface is what compared to Lingual surface?
- Lingual surface tapers ?
- Mesial & distal surfaces ?
A
- Mesiodistal measurements are GREATER than the faciolingual
- Incisal ridge is centered over the main bulk of the crown & is relatively straight EXCEPT for a SLIGHT CURVATURE to the lingual on the distal portion
- Facial surface is much WIDER (and smoother) than the lingual surface
- lingual surface tapers (gets smaller) toward the cingulum
- Mesial & distal surfaces are relatively wide, enabling good contact w/ the adjoining teeth
4
Q
- Facial View- Primary Maxillary Canine:
- Crown outline form?
- The cusp position ?
- Mesial cuspal ridge compared to distal cuspal ridge?
- The proximal contact location ?
- Facial ridge location?
- Root length compared to crown?
- Root display?
A
- Crown outline form: Diamond or arrow shaped
- Cusp position is slightly DISTAL of the center of the tooth
- Mesial cuspal ridge is slightly LONGER than the DISTAL cuspal ridge
- The proximal contact location are at the SAME level
- Facial ridge location is SLIGHTLY on the DISTAL HALF
- Root length is TWICE that of the CROWN
- Root display a CURVATURE toward the DISTAL
5
Q
*Mesial View: Primary Maxillary First Molar:
- Crown tapers toward?
- Cusp length compared to mesiofacial cusp?
- Lingually positioned _____?
- Facial cervical ridge—–?
- Cervical line ?
- Proximal contact?
- How many roots are evident?
- Lingual root inclines ?
- Bifurcation between the mesiofacial and lingual is?
A
- Crown tappers significantly TOWARD the OCCLUSAL
- Mesiolingual cusp is TALLER & more POINTED than the MESIOFACIAL CUSP
- A lingually-positioned medial marginal ridge groove is present
- The facial cervical ridge is extremely convex
- The cervical line is straight across, except for a slight occlusal curvature on the facial half of the crown
- The proximal contact is located in the faciolingual center of the tooth
- ONLY 2 trots are evident from this view because the mesiofacial root is SUPER-IMPOSED over the distofacial root
- The lingual root INCLINES out beyond the lingual confines of the crown and curves facially in the APICAL ONE-THIRD
- The BIFURCATION between the mesiofacial & lingual roots is ALMOST at the location of the CERVICAL LINE
6
Q
- Occlusal View- Primary Maxillary Second Molar
- How many cusps on this tooth?
- Crown outline?
- Marginal ridges?
- Oblique ridge
- Transverse ridge?
- Major fossae?
- Minor fossae?
- Distal oblique?
- Transverse groove?
A
- 5 Cusps on this tooth (from largest to smalls)
1) Mesiolingual 2) Mesiofacial 3) Distofacial 4) Distolingual 5) 5th (Cusp of Carabelli) - The crown outline form is “SOMEWHAT RHOMBOIDAL” exhibiting a distal crown convergence
- Both marginal ridges are PROMINENT
- The oblique ridge form is massive, especially in compared to “Primary Maxillary First Molar”
- Distinct TRANSVERSE RIDGE involving the triangular ridges of the medially-positioned cusps
- MAJOR FOSSAE on the tooth include Mesial triangular fossa & distal triangular fossa
- Distal Oblique groove, when traveling onto the lingual surface is called LINGUAL DEVELOPMENT GROOVE
- Transverse groove of the oblique ridge crosses the oblique ridge & connects the central pit w/ the distal pit
7
Q
- *Distal View- Primary Mandibular First Molar:
- Cusps visible from what view?
- Facial crown outline ?
- Height of curvature?
- Root visibility ?
- Distal root?
- Development root surface depression?
A
- All 4 cusps are visible from the distal view
- Facial crown outline displays a lingually positioned distofacial cusp, in comparison to the mesiofacial cusp
- Height of curvature of cervical line is slightly curved
- BOTH roots are VISIBLE from this view
- DISTAL ROOT slightly converges to the APEX
-There is a development root surface depression on the distal
8
Q
- *What is Ectopic Eruption?
- Where is it usually seen?
- Maxillary lateral incisors are erupted towards?
- Maxillary canines are erupted towards?
- what is transposition?
- Most commonly rotated tooth?
A
- Condition that is exhibited when a tooth erupts or emerges in the wrong position within the arch
- Usually seen in either a facial or lingual direction
- Maxillary lateral incisors are ectopically erupted toward primarily the lingual side
- Maxillary canines are ectopically erupted primarily toward the facial side
- A tooth that is located in a different position from where it is supposed to be is called TRANSPOSITION, most commonly seen in canines (in maxillary canines more so then mandibular)
- The MOST commonly rotated tooth is the MAXILLARY 2nd PREMOLAR, followed by the Maxillary Incisors & then the Maxillary 1st Premolar
9
Q
- **What is the Dens-in-Dente? (Maxillary Lateral Incisor)
- Outer enamel ?
- Tissue?
- Forms?
- Why is it a malformation?
- Which tooth?
A
- AKA dens invaginatus
- Found in permanent MAXILLARY LATERAL INCISORS
-The outer enamel surface is folded inward
- Tissue is wrapped like a croissant
- Coronal & radicular forms exist
-A malformation of teeth probably resulting from an infolding of the dental papilla during tooth development
10
Q
- **What is Dentinogenesis Imperfecta?
- Teeth construct?
- What can these problems affect?
- Radiographically ?
A
- Causes teeth to be discolored (MOST often BLUE-GRAY or YELLOW-BROWN COLOR) & w/ translucent appearance
- Teeth have a weaker construct than normal teeth, making them prone to degradation & eventual loss.
- Problems can affect BOTH PRIMARY & PERMANENT TEETH
- Radiographically, exhibits a partial or total absence of pulp chambers & root canals
11
Q
- **Facial Aspect Measurements & Geometry: Permanent Maxillary Central Incisor
- Cervicoincisal length?
- Crown outline ?
- Crown width?
A
- Cervicoincisal length (10.5mm) is greater than the mesiodistal width (8.5mm) GREATER than the FACIOLINGUAL DEPTH (7.0 mm)
- Crown outline is TRAPEZOIDAL w. the shorter parallel side at cervix
- Crown width at contact areas are GREATER than at cervix
12
Q
- **Lingual Aspect: Permanent Maxillary Central Incisor
- Cervical outline?
- Lingual fossa?
- Lingual fossa bound by ?
- Lingual fossa is what shape?
- Cingulum is ?
- Greatest curvature lingually of the cingulum & crest of the cervical line gingivally will be?
A
- Cervical outline of the crown is MORE apically-postioned (away from the incisal) than what is seen on the facial aspect (NOT a semicircle as seen on facial surface)
- Lingual fossa in the incisal one-half of the crown surface is described as a WIDE, SHALLOW “DISH-SHAPED” depression.
- Lingual fossa is bound by the linguinincisal ridge, the medial & distal marginal ridges and the cingulum
- Lingual fossa is TRAPEZOIDAL in SHAPE
- Cingulum is well-developed in the cervical one-half of the crown & often has 2 ridge projections that impinge on the lingual fossa in middle third
- Greatest curvature lingually of the cingulum & the crest of the vertical line gingival will be “SLIGHTLY DISTAL” to the MESIODISTAL long axis bisector of the crown
13
Q
- ***Lingual Aspect Negative Anatomy: Permanent Maxillary Lateral Incisor
- Lingual fossa shape?
- Lingual fossa occupies the?
- Anatomical features ?
- Cingulum of the maxillary lateral incisor is ?
A
- Lingual fossa is deep, TRIANGULAR in outline, and also “cup-shaped”
- Lingual fossa occupies the incisal 2/3s of the lingual surface of the crown
- Anatomical features serving as boundaries for the fossa include the linguo-incidal ridge, Mesial & Distal Marginal ridges & the Cingulum
- **Cingulum of the Maxillary Lateral Incisor is LIMITED to the CERVICAL 1/3 of the crown & the medial and distal marginal ridges form a “V” as they flow into the cingulum
14
Q
***Permanent Maxillary Central & Lateral Incisors:
Comparisons & Contrasts
A
- Central incisor is LARGER than lateral
- Central incisor is MORE “ANGULAR” than the lateral
- Central incisor has a STRAIGHT ROOT, while the lateral has a root that is CURVED or POINTED to the distal
- Incisal third of the facial surface of the central incisor is FAIRLY FLAT, while the incisal third of the lateral exhibits MORE CONVEXITY
- Central incisor exhibits MINIMAL variation, while the lateral is one of the MOST variable permanent teeth
- Crests of the cingulum on BOTH incisors are offset to the DISTAL
- Central incisor has a “TRAPEZOIDAL” shaped lingual fossa, while the lateral has a TRIANGULAR” shape fossa
- From incisor view, BOTH incisors display CONTACT AREAS that are CENTERED FACIOLINGUALLY
- BOTH incisors, form a proximal view DISPLAY an incisal edge that is centered over the crest of curvature of the CEJ and the main body of their respective roots
-Lingual view, Lateral incisor frequently displays a fissured or carious “lingual” pit, while the Central incisor does NOT
15
Q
- ***Facial View- Permanent Mandibular Central Incisors
- Crown outline ?
- Incisal edge ?
- Mesial & Distal incisal line angles?
- Distal incisal line?
- Mesial & Distal proximal contacts?
- Incisal wear?
- Incisal one-third of the crown surface?
A
- Crown outline is TRAPEZOIDAL w/ the LONGER parallel side at incisal edge
- Incisal edge is straight & at a right angel to (or perpendicular) the long axis line of the tooth
-Mesial & distal incisal line angles are both said to be sharp (almost 90 degree angles)
- Distal incisal line angle is SLIGHTLY MORE ROUNDED than the mesial incisal line angle
- Mesial & distal Proximal Contacts are the SAME LEVEL & are within the incisal one-third of the crown
- After incisal wear the proximal contacts may be VERY NEAR the INCISAL EDGE
- Incisal one-third of the crown surface is relatively FLAT
- Cervical 2/3s of the crown surface is CONVEX
