Quiz 2 MiniStudyguide

Question 1

Complementation

Answer 1

phenomenon in which the presence of two different mutant alleles in the same organism produces a wild-type phenotype.

Question 2

Epistasis

Answer 2

inheritance pattern where one gene can mask the phenotypic effects of a different gene

Question 3

Incomplete Dominance

Question 4

Codominance

Answer 4

Both alleles are expressed

Question 5

Sex Influenced inheritance example related to scur

Question 6

what is heterozygote advantage and what are some possible mechanisms why it occurs?

Question 7

universal blood donor
which one?
who can accept?

Question 8

Universal blood recipient
Which one?
Who can they accept from?

Question 9

in a cross for incomplete dominance, what is expected proportion of offspring with any
phenotype assuming large number of offspring

Question 10

in incomplete penetrance what does percentage penetrance imply?

Question 11

term for different extent of phenotypes seen in different individuals carrying the same trait or allele

Question 12

given a pedigree representing an inheritance pattern, list various observations that are
know for that inheritance pattern

Question 13

prion diseases

Question 14

mechanisms of pathogenesis

Question 15

genetic testing

Answer 15

individual test

Question 16

genetic screening

Answer 16

population test

Question 17

amniocentesis

Answer 17

take fetal cells from the amniotic fluid

Question 18

chorionic villus sampling

Answer 18

take fetal cells from the fetal part of the placenta

Question 19

sex-limited inheritance

Question 20

locus heterogeneity

Question 21

incomplete penetrance

Question 22

haploinsufficiency

Answer 22

this mutation causes only 50% of the original protein to function

Question 23

dominant negative mutation

Answer 23

acts antagonistically towards the wild type allele

Question 24

variable expressivity

Question 25

semilethal allele

Answer 25

lethal alleles that kill some individuals but not all

Question 26

conditional lethal allele

Answer 26

allele that is lethal, but only under certain environmental conditions

Question 27

temperature-sensitive lethal allele

Answer 27

allele that is lethal only in a certain environmental temperature range

Question 28

manx cat related crosses

Answer 28

Manx cats are heterozygotes, the dominant homozygotes MM die in the embryonic phase, mm are not affected and are normal

Question 29

levels of enzymes in three genotypes possible related to HexA gene which is associated with autosomal recessive Tay-Sachs disease

Question 30

given contribution from each additive allele, given baseline pheonotype with all nonadditive alleles, determine the genotypes that show a particular phenotype

Question 31

if you only classify gametes according to the number of additive alleles only, not the actual genotype, then given a parental genotype, how many classes will you find?

Question 32

examples of quantitative traits

Question 33

given crosses with parental genotypes for quantitative traits, identify how many offspring categories are possible

Question 34

gene redundancy

Answer 34

phenomenon in which one gene compensates for the loss of function of another gene.

Question 35

gene interaction

Answer 35

phenomenon in which two or more different traits genes influence the outcome of a single trait

Question 36

gene interaction example

Answer 36

Corn kernels can have a purple color due to the dominant allele of one gene. When the alleles of a second gene are present in the homozygous recessive genotype, the kernel color is changed to red.

Question 37

Suppose a genetic test shows that a woman has inherited the dominant BRCA1 allele that causes breast cancer. If she does not develop breast cancer in her lifetime, the phenomenon is called

Answer 37

incomplete penetrance

Question 38

incomplete penetrance

Answer 38

pattern observed when a heterozygote does not show the trait associated with the dominant allele

Question 39

lethal allele

Answer 39

allele that may cause death for an organism