Quiz 2 Material Flashcards
The Romans gave credit to Numa Pompilius as the king who established WHAT at Rome?
the key religious institutions and priesthoods
numa pompilius
Romes second king
The Romans gave credit to Servius Tullius as the king who established WHAT at Rome?
the system of class structure and voting units
how did Tarquin come to power
by ordering the murder of his father in law, Servius Tullius
which number king was Servius Tulius (_th)
sixth
how did Tarquin die
the same way he came to power: killed by son-in-law
brutus
one of the assassins of Julius Caesar. made a speech to explain why he had to be killed
The rape of Lucretia in Livy’s history is a powerful, tragic story used to represent, especially
the corruption and wickedness that occurs under tyranny
what did Lucretia’s death trigger
the Romans to overthrow the Etruscan monarchs
what does SPQR stand for
Senatus Populusque Romanus (The Senate and the People of Rome)
The abbreviation “SPQR” meant a lot to the Romans, especially because it referred to the notion that ideally in their governmental system:
the senate and the ppl worked together
What type of government did the Romans create after the period of monarchy had ended?
a republic
roman republic
This establishment of the republic consisted of the Senate with two consuls who were elected by an assembly dominated by hereditary aristocrats known as patricians
The power of Roman consuls to command armies, make laws, and assemble the senate was known in Latin as
imperium
consuls
two men, elected annually, assume leadership over the army with power to summon assemblies to make decisions: imperium.
what did consuls have the power to do
- Each had the power of veto over his colleague’s decisions (both had to work together).
- Initially both patrician, but later plebeians were allowed to hold the office.
praetors
(2 or more) elected annually, second in command to the consuls. Acted as judicial magistrates.
quaestor
chief financial officers for Rome and all provinces; elected annually to oversee the treasury in Rome and administer the finances of provinces under a provincial governor.
After the plebeian revolt, the Romans established these officials to represent the wishes of the common people
the tribunes of the Plebs
the tribunes of the Plebs
the power of veto over the consuls
To pursue a political career, a Roman man held a series of offices (the track of honors); what were the typical three offices of this track?
Quaestor Praetor Consul
cursus honorum
The traditional “track of honors” that a young man pursued in politics was quaestor -> praetor -> consul. (Not every man made it to consul, of course.)
imperium
two men, elected annually, assume leadership over the army with power to summon assemblies to make decisions
secession of the plebs
494 BCE, the plebeian class of citizens revolted against their leaders and withdrew from Rome to the “Sacred Mount” east of Rome
Licinian Law regarding the consulship
one consul has to be from the plebs
Hortensian Law regarding the laws passed by the Plebeian Assembly
Law passed by the Plebians assembly applicable to all Romans
The Hortensian Law (of 287 BCE) stated that laws passed by Tribunes of the Plebs and the Plebeian Assembly were binding on
all romans
Polybius describes a process of degeneration in forms of government in that monarchy becomes tyranny, and democracy becomes
anarchy
Polybius wrote that the Roman Republic was successful because it contained institutions within it that resembled what three types of government?
monarchy, aristocracy, democracy
The three types of government that Polybius recognized and what they can deteriorate into.
Monarchy —> Tyranny
Aristocracy –>Oligarchy
Democracy –> Anarchy
what’re the three institutional elements of Roman gov’t thatre similar to Polybius’s three forms of government.
consulship=monarchy
senate=aristocracy
assemblies=democracy
According to Polybius, what form of government does the Roman consulship resemble?
monarchy
The way that Polybius describes the interconnected relationship between the three elements of the Roman Republic is similar to the US constitution in what way?
both contain checks and balances
In a so-called “free” marriage, a married woman was officially under the authority of
her father or father’s family
In Ancient Rome, marriage served many purposes, but this was NOT a major concern
that ppl who loved each other could be together
role of marriage in paterfamilias
not romantic, but rather an agreement b/w 2 families
-Men would usually marry in their mid-twenties, while women married while they were still in their early teens. As they reached these ages, their parents would consult with friends to find suitable partners that could improve the family’s wealth or class.
paterfamilias
father-figure of the whole extended family
The Latin phrase patria potestas refers to a man’s authority over:
his extended family until he dies …“paternal power”
-significant and unique authority of the father in domestic regards
The Temple of Vesta was sacred to the Romans and inside it was
vesta’s sacred fire tended by female priestesses
The way that Polybius describes the interconnected relationship between the three elements of the Roman Republic is similar to the US constitution in what way
both contain checks and balances
he role of marriage in Roman society was
to control access to the community, secure family lines, legalize inheritance, and control the reproductive capabilities of women.
