QUIZ 2: CHAPTER 27: NURSING CARE OF THE CHILD BORN WITH A PHYSICAL OR DEVELOPMENTAL CHALLENGE

Question 1

Also known as “tongue tied”. The abnormal restriction of tongue by abnormally tight frenulum.
The only management is surgery

Answer 1

ANKYLOGLOSSIA

Question 2

It is a failure of the maxillary & median nasal processes to fuse that range from small notch in the upper lip to total separation of lip & facial structure up into floor of the nose, with even upper teeth and gingiva absent.

Answer 2

CLEFT LIP

Question 3

It is a palate opening that usually on the midline & involves anterior hard palate, posterior soft palate, bath.

Answer 3

CLEFT PALATE

Question 4

is a triad of micrognathia (small mandible), cleft palate, and glossoptosis (a tongue malpositioned downward)

Answer 4

PIERRE ROBIN SYNDROME

Question 5

orifice/passage in body that is closed or absent

Answer 5

ATRESIA

Question 6

abnormal/ surgically made passage between hollow or tubular organ & body surface, between 2 hollow or tubular organs

Answer 6

FISTULA

Question 7

obstruction of esophagus

Answer 7

ESOPHAGEAL ATRESIA

Question 8

connected distally to the trachea is the most common kind af esophageal malformation (classified as Gross type C)

Answer 8

ESOPHAGEAL ATRESIA WITH FISTULA

Question 9

Abdominal contents protruding through wall of abdomen at the junction of UC and abdomen. Intestines are usually herniated but sometimes it Included stomach and liver.

Answer 9

Omphalocele

Question 10

For this condition, anticipate the pt had hydramnios throughout pregnancy.
The findings for newborn is < 30mL gastric contents can be aspirated, distended abdomen and tender to palpate.

Answer 10

STENOSIS NARROWING

Question 11

Anal stricture is narrowing the end af tube that takes stool aut of the body
The other term is “anal stenosis”

Answer 11

IMPERFORATE ANUS

Question 12

is a protrusion of an abdominal organ (usually the stomach or intestine) through a defect in the diaphragm into the chest cavity. This usually occurs on the left side, causing cardiac displacement to the right side of the chest and collapse of the left lung.

Answer 12

diaphragmatic hernia

Question 13

An ___ is a protrusion of a portion of the intestine through the umbilical ring, muscle, and fascia surrounding the umbilical cord

Answer 13

umbilical hernia

Question 14

an excess of CSF in the ventrides or the subarachnaid space
If the fluid can reach the spinal cord, it can be communicating hydrocephalus or extra ventricular hydrocephalus.

Answer 14

HYDROCEPHALUS

Question 15

This happens when the fusion of posterior laminae of vertebrae fails.
Poor pertusian is noticeable when dimpling, abnormal tufts: of hair or any discoloration of skin

Answer 15

NEURAL TUBE DISORDERS

Question 16

is a benign disorder that does not need immediate intervention

Answer 16

Spina bifida occulta

Question 17

is when the meninges herniate through unformed vertebrae.
Protruding mass appears and usually have same size of an orange at the center of back.
Layer of skin or just clear dura mater covers the protrusion

Answer 17

MENINGOCELE

Question 18

spinal cord & meninges protruding the vertebrae same with meningocele.

Answer 18

MYELOMENINGOCELE

Question 19

is a cranial meningocele ar myelomeningacele.
The disorder occurs most often in the occipital area of the skull but may occur as a nasal or nasopharyngeal disorder.

Answer 19

ENCEPHALOCELE

Question 20

the absence of cerebral hemispheres. The mother may experience difficulty in labor, mast of this condition present as breech.
If the medulla is intact, the infant may survive several days but without It, the patient cannot survive longer.

Answer 20

ANENCEPHALY

Question 21

is a Slow growth of brain that falls more than 3x below normal on growth charts.
This can be caused by infection, severe malnutrition or anoxia in early infancy.

Answer 21

MICROCEPHALY

Question 22

Hip Underdevelopment or imperfect hip can affect the head, acetabulum, or both.
The femur head don’t lie deep enough within acetabulum & slips out in movement.
This occurs in females seven times more often than males

Answer 22

DEVELOPMENTAL HIP DYSPLASIA

Question 23

• mildest form; femoral head remains in acetabulum.

Answer 23

Acetabular dysplasia

Question 24

• most common form; femoral head partially displaced.

Answer 24

Subluxation

Question 25

• femoral head not in contact with acetabulum; displaced posteriorly and superiorly

Answer 25

Dislocation

Question 26

This condition can result from ingestion of maternal drug, viral invasion, and amniotic band formation.
Prostheses of lower extremity are fitted as early as 6 months while upper extremity are fitted this early so infant can handle and explore objects readily.

Answer 26

ABSENT OR MALFORMED EXTREMITIES

Question 27

is a presence of one or additional fingers or toes.

Answer 27

POLYDACTYLY

Question 28

is when two fingers or toes are fuse

Answer 28

SYNDACTYLY

Question 29

[separation of digits can be done]

Answer 29

Webbing

Question 30

[cannot be fully reconstructed]

Answer 30

Bones are fused

Question 31

is the indentation of the lower poortion of the sternum. There can be decreased lung volume, and the heart is displaced to the left.

Answer 31

PECTUS EXCAVATUM

Question 32

is when the sternum is displaced anteriorly, increasing AP diameter of the chest

Answer 32

PECTUS CARINATUM

Question 33

a term derived from tortus (twisted) and callum (neck)-Torticollis (wry neck) accurs as a congenital anomaly when the sternacleidomastaid muscle is injured and bleeds during birth

Answer 33

TORTICOLLIS (WRY NECK)

Question 34

The sutures of the skull is closing prematurely and may occur in utero or early infancy
This condition needs to be detected early because sealed skull will compromise brain growth.

Answer 34

CRANIOSYNOSTOSIS

Question 35

Achondroplasia(chondrodystrophia) is a failure of bone growth inherited as a dominant trait.
It causes a disorder in cartilage production in utero.
The epiphyseal plate of long bones cannot produce adequate cartilage for longitudinal bone growth, which results in both arms and legs becoming stunted.

Answer 35

ACHONDROPLASIA

Question 36

is a word formed from the Latin words talus (“ankle”) and pes (“foot”)
The __ deformities are ankle-foot disorders, popularly called clubfoot
With the orthopedic correction techniques currently available, correction should leave the child with normal foot position.

Answer 36

Talipes