quiz 2 (chap 5-8)

Question 1

the capability to change based on experience

Answer 1

plasticity

Question 2

which types of neurons can repair their axons and which cannot.

why is this?

Answer 2

• neurons of the PNS can repair themselves while CNS neurons can’t
• this is because the CNS neurons lack Schwann cells, they just have oligodendrocytes which create myelin that prevents regeneration

Question 3

two main types of neurotransmitter receptors

Answer 3

onotropic and Metabotropic

Question 4

two main types of synapses

Answer 4

electrical or chemical

Question 5

T or F: there is a refractory period in both action and graded potentials

Answer 5

FALSE

only in action potentials (allows for summation of graded potentials)

Question 6

which type of synapse uses gap junctions to transmit the signal

Answer 6

electrical synapses

Question 7

2 advantages of electrical synapses

Answer 7

faster (conduction thru gap junctions)

synchronization (large # of neurons or muscle fibres can produce APs in unison if connected w gap junctions)

Question 8

T or F: a neurotransmitter is either excitatory or inhibitory, never both

Answer 8

false

Question 9

temporal vs spacial summation

Answer 9

temporal = same location DIFF TIMES

Spatial: DIFF LOCATION, same time

Question 10

3 ways neurotransmitters are removed from cleft

Answer 10

1. diffusion
2. enzymatic degradation
3. uptake by cells

Question 11

neuromodulators can work on both pre and postsynaptic cells and cause alteration in the strength of a synaptic response

Answer 11

TRUE

Question 12

agonist

Answer 12

initiates a response

Question 13

the inhibitory amino acid neurotransmitters used in the spinal cord are?

Answer 13

1/2 glycine and 1/2 GABA

Question 14

which meninges layer is useful for shock absorption and suspension?

Answer 14

subarachnoid space (btw arachnoid mater and pia mater)

Question 15

spinal nerves are part of cns or pns?

Answer 15

PNS

Question 16

which root is involved in conducting action potentials from the CNS at towards effectors?

Answer 16

the ventral root connecting spinal nerves to the spinal cord

Question 17

spinal nerves are sensory/motor/mixed nerves?

Answer 17

mixed

Question 18

out of the 31 pairs of spinal nerves, which are cervical, thoracic, sacral, etc?

Answer 18

(8, 12, 5, 5, 1)

8 cervical
12 thoracic
5 lumbar
5 sacral
1 coccygeal

Question 19

which is correct: gray matter surround inner core of white matter or white matter surrounds inner core of grey matter?

Answer 19

white matter surrounds the inner core of grey matter