Quiz 2 Flashcards
Surfactant
A lipoprotein made by type II lung cells that lines the infant’s lungs
Acrocyanosis
Blueish discoloration of hands and feet that is normal in the first 24 hrs after birth
Leukocytes
wbc
9000-30,000
Platelets
demonstrate aggregation
150,000-300,000
Thermoregulation
maintenance of balance between heat loss and heat production
Hypothermia
Occurs due to excessive heat loss
Neutral thermal environment
Ideal environment where infant can maintain and balance a normal temperature to minimize o2 and glucose consumption
Thermogenesis
Where infant generates hear by increasing muscle activity
Non-shiver thermogenesis
Metabolizing brown fat or increasing metabolic activity in brain, heart, and liver
brown fat
Only newborns have this and it is much richer in vasculature
- deposits in intrascapular region, thoracic inlet, vertebrae column, and kidneys
hyperthermia
abnormally high body temp of 37.5 celsius & is excessive heat production
acute bilirubin encephalopathy or
kernicterus
When bilirubin crossing blood brain barrier causes neurotoxicity
jaudince
visible yellow color of skin and sclera
pathologic or non-physiological jaundice
Occurs from pathology in origin or severe enough to need investigation
breast feeding associated jaundice
Jaundice at 2-5 days of age that is due to lack of effective breast feeding that causes the hyperbilirubemia
breast milk jaundice
Happens 5-10 days of age with an uncertain cause but it does go away on its own
milia
White small sebaceous glands that you can see on newborns face
Desquamation
Peeling of the skin which doesnt occur until few days after birth
- can indicate post maturity
Mongolian spots
blue black areas of color on skin that are commonly found in back andbuttocks
Nevus Simplex
salmon patches
stork bites
angel kisses
small, flat, and pink spots that you can blanch
nevus flammeus
post-wine stain due to asymmetrical postcapillary venule that is pink and flat at birth but darkens over time
Erythema Toxicum
transient rash ; erythema neonatorum or newborn rash or flea bite
Lesions of different stages - macules, papules, and vesicle .. which can appear suddenly due to inflammation
Caput succedaneum
edematous area of the scalp that is on occiput and is easily identifiable
cephalhematoma
collection of blood between skull and perisoteum (will not cross line)
Subgaleal hemorrhage
Bleeding into subgaleal compartment or loosely connected tissue
Developmental dysplasia of the hips
Easily dislocatable hips at birth - sometimes already dislocated tho.
sleep wake states
variations in state of consciousness that the baby goes through
Habituation
protective mechanism that allows infant to become used to environmental stimuli
apgar score
routine assessment of newborns overall status and response to resuscitation
- HR, respiratory effort, msucle tone, reflex, skin color
appropriate age for gestation
birth weight between 10th and 90th percentile . grew normally
large for gestation age
above 90th percentile and grew at an accelerated rate
small for gestational age
below 10th percentile in weight & grew slow
preterm
premature - 37 0/7
late preterm
34 0/7 - 36 6/7 weeks
early term
37 - 38
full term
39 - 40
late term
41
post term
42
opthalmia neonatorum
neonatal conjuctivitis
inflammation of eye caused by sexually transmitted bacteria during birth
subconjuctival hemorrhage
result from rupture of capillaries by increased pressure during birth
exchange transfusion
portion of infants blood is swithced w donor blood to reduce bilirubin levels
hypoglycemia
not enough glucose to support organ function
circumcision
removal of foreskin of the penis or prepruce
positional plagiocephaly
results from infant laying on their back too much ; flatter appearance
lactation consultants
provide info to support mothers with feeding infant
supply meets demand system
if milk is removed from breast, more will be produced
milk ejection reflex or let down reflex
a reflex that causes mom to produce more milk due to oxytocin
- baby crying, odors, etc
lactogenesis 1
16-18 weeks
colostrum
lactogenesis 2
with birth, progesterone levels drop sharply and placenta is removed
lactogenesis 3
mature breast milk becomes established
growth spurts
when baby grows - 24 to 48 hrs where baby drinks more
feeding readiness cues
early signs of hunger
Latch
placement of infant mouth over nipple to create a seal for adequate suction
rooting reflex
mouth opening widely to latch
demand feeding
infant determining feedings but needs 8 feedings still per day
plugged milk ducts
occur bc of inadequate removal of milk due to tight clothing,
mastitis
inflammation of the breast
