Newborn Nutrition Flashcards by Emma B

Prolactin purpose?

When is it released?

Initiates production of milk when the placenta is delivered

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Oxytocin purpose?

Tells breast to eject the milk with the let down reflex

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What usually dictates how much milk you’ll produce?

How often you feed and the duration you do it for

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Stages of breast milk production

Colostrum
Transitional
Mature

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What is colostrum?
When is it produced?

What’s in in colostrum?

Thick, creamy yellow substance
Produced around 16 weeks so early leakage is possible

Colostrum is rich with immunoglobulins, proteins, minerals, and the fat soluble vitamins

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What is transitional milk?

Thinner and yellow

Comes after colostrum

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Mature breast milk look like?

Types of mature milk?

Blue white colored

Foremilk
Hindmilk

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Foremilk of mature breast milk

Comes first when feeding & is full of water, vitamins, and proteins

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

HIndmilk of mature breast milk

Occurs 10 minutes in and is high in fat to satisfy hunger

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Which part of milk has a laxative effect?

Colostrum which means it can help with meconium issues

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

How often should you feed at first?

1.5 - 3 hrs

So 8 or 12 times in 24 hrs

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What type of feeding pattern is recommended once feeding is established

Supply and demand but before this happens, you will have to wake the baby to feed.

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

How can you tell your infant wants to be fed?

What is the late sign of hunger in an infant? And what comes right before it?

They wake up and are active. They may even give you a sucking motion, smack their lips, or thrust their tongue. Rooting behaviors and alert.

Crying is the late sign. Hand swinging motion comes before.

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

How long does AAP recommend exclusive breastfeeding

6 months

But breast or formula should be used for the first year of life total

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

How much weight can formula fed babies lose at first ?

What about breast fed?

3-4%

6-9%

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Why does the newborn lost weight within the first 3-4 days of life?

What day will they begin to gain weight

Fluid loss and dehydration
Stooling
Not drinking enough

Day 5 but if they haven’t gained weight by 10-14 days that is concerning

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Dehydration in newborn:

Fontanele
Pulse
Temp
Urine
Stool
Skin
Lab

Fontanele will be sunken

Pulse will be weak and rapid

Temp will be an elevated low grade temp around 99

Urine will be dark and concentrated

Stool will be hard and dry

Skin turgor will be decreased

Specific Gravity will be equal to or greater than 1.020 (high = dehydration)

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What types of fat are in breast milk

Unsaturated fats

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Who determines how much a baby drinks: mom or baby?

Baby! If they aren’t hungry they stop. And the cues help you know too

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What is breast milk digestion like compared to digestion of formula

Breast milk digestion is faster

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What are longterm benefits of breastfeeding

Decreased ...
Diabetes Mellitus
Cancer
Obesity
Asthma
Respiration infections
Gi infections

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Which high level substances in breast milk help neuro development

Fatty acids, Lactose, Cysteine, Cholesterol

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What is the reason for lower uti’s and otitis media when drinking breast milk

More immunoglobulins, enzymes, leukocytes

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Can a baby have an allergic response to formula

Yes - which is why it pays to do breastfeeding

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Can milk expression be done anywhere

Yes. While walking or traveling

If a mom says she is going out of town and leaving the newborn with the dad, what breastfeeding education should we give her

She must pump and dumb or even save the milk for later. We don't want her to stop stimulating breasts

Is nipple soreness common

yes

Expected costs of breastfeeding?

Healthy diet Breast pump Nursing bras and pads (optional)

How could mom's weight fluctuate when breastfeeding?

She can lose weight and return to pre-PG sooner

T/F | Breast cancer can raise chances of breast and ovarian cancers

False. Breastfeeding reduces breast and ovarian cancer rates.

What percentage of woman are recommended to do skin to skin with newborn

All 100% and men.

How does society make breastfeeding hard? Do larger companies have places you can pump?

Negative attitude towards it Ashamed and embarrassed Return to work is harder They should !!

Disadvantages to Breastfeeding?

Nipple tenderness Milk leaks when breasts are full Embarrassing Stressful to meet demands Father feels left out (he can help with pumping and bottlefeeding) Diet perception (you can eat normal things . Just no caffeine, drug, or alcohol in large amounts) Baby can get gas from your diet though

Only available birth control option for breastfeeding mothers? When can they start to take it?

Progestin only (mini pill) 6 weeks post partum

What causes vaginal dryness in breastfeeding What type of lubricant can you use

Low estrogen levels Water based only

What to do with breast milk if on short term meds

Just pump and dump

What to do with breast milk if on long term meds

Try to feed before taking the med if you can. | Also try to use drugs that are single symptom vs multiple symptoms so it has less affect on baby

What is it called when the infant is intolerant to the sugar in the breast milk

Galactosemia - and if an infant has this they need to use a galactose free formula

If a mom has an active herpes lesion on the breast, can she still feed?

Absolutely not.

Can mothers with breast implants breast feed?

Depends. The ducts are usually disrupted with implants. But if you see leakage in your PG, then it may be possible

What is Brucellosis

It is from cows. So do not breastfeed if you have Brucellosis

What should a breastfeeding mother do if she has a respiratory infection like pneumonia?

Go ahead and pump the milk but feed baby with bottle

Can a mom with TB but who is receiving treatment breastfeed?

Yes she still can. Only an issue if she isn't on treatment

What is varicella again? Can you breast feed if you have it?

Chicken pox & do not breastfeed with varicella

Which type of Human T cell leukemia could stop a mom from breastfeeding?

Type 1 Human T cell leukemia virus

What stool changes go on in the baby's first days of life

Tarry black to dark green to green brown to brown yellow to yellow green to bright yellow to orange. - colorful stool happens. and is ok

How many wet diapers are expected on day 1 Meconium?

One wet diaper 24-48 hrs

How many diapers on day 2? So, according to this trend - how many diapers should you pass? What is

Two diapers Stool should be thinning but dark Pass as many diapers that equal days old until 5. Should be passing 6 diapers at least after with 3 or 4 being stool

What can help baby be in right positioning

Mother good posture and pillow for baby. dont lean

Types of breastfeeding positionss

Football Cradle Side lying

What should mom's nipple be centered to on the infants face

Nipple to nose

Optimal baby actions to have before latching nipple How do you release your nipple

Mouth wide open and tongue down Place finger in corner of baby mouth and pull down on jaw

Should infants nose touch the moms breast while feding

No! they need to breath

Latch scale?

0-2 | pretty self explanatory

Human milk or just opened formula expiration

1 hour

Thawed human milk expiration

24 hrs

Fresh human milk from fridge

3 days

Fresh human milk in freezer

6 months

Can you refreeze human milk or formula

No never | Once it thaws and you use it, get rid of it

What support groups are there for breastfeeding?

La Leche | Internation Lactation Consultant Association

Is there any difference in calories between formula and breast milk

Powder formula

Not sterile so least expensive | Mix with boiled water and shake

Formula concentrate

Sterile | Need to dilute with equal parts of bailed water

Ready to feed formula

Most expensive bc of convenience and we use it in hospital

What should you check all bottles for? Best type of bottle

Make sure they are free of BPA-PVC-Lead Best bottle is a quality glass bottle

Fluoride supplement age

6 months - 3 years

How soon should you feed newborn formula after birth How often do you need to feed them

1-4 hrs Feed every 3-4 hours then on demand

How much formula does baby need? When should baby be able to drink 4 oz?

1/2 to 1 oz Lead up to 2 months

What type of water should you use to make your formula

Bottled water

How should you heat the formula?

Only till its warm but not hot. and do not heat it with the microwave. This can cause hot spots in the milk. Also destroys nutrients

Broze nipple for? Red nipple?

Bronze for Term infants Red for premies

Can you reuse formula?

No- can only be used for 1 hour and if there's any left, discard it due to bacteria growth from saliva backflow

How to handle the bottle when feeding?

Tilt, allow nipple to fill, and then feed. | Otherwise you feed baby air

At what amount of formula milk should you burp Burping positons

Every 1/2 ounce & then when the feeding is done. Over shoulder, sitting, lying down

Is propping the bottle ok

No - you need to hold it. Can cause ear infection?

WIC purpose How do they get funding

Supplemental program for women, infants, and children 45% of infants are served by them They have to screen kids nutrition to get funding

SNAP purpose

Provides food stamp credit | - credit card?