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FSM > Quiz 2 > Flashcards

Quiz 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Glenohumeral joint

Movement class

A

Diarthrosis

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2
Q

Glenohumeral joint

Mechanical Class

A

Ball and socket

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3
Q

Glenohumeral joint

Movements

A

Flex/ Ext
Add, Abd
IR/ ER

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4
Q

50 abduction and

30 degrees horizontal adduction

A

Glenohumeral joint
Open pack position
50 abduction and
30 degrees horizontal adduction

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5
Q

Sternoclavicular joint

Movement class

A

Diarthroses

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6
Q

Sternoclavicular joint

Mechanical class

A

Saddle Joint

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7
Q

Sternoclavicluar joint

Movements

A

Protrusion/ Retrusion

Elevation/ depression

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8
Q

Arm resting by side

A 
Sternoclavicluar joint 
open pack position 
AND 
Acromioclavicular joint
Open pack position
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9
Q

Acromioclavicular joint

Movement class

A

Diarthroses

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10
Q

Acromioclavicular joint

Mechanical class

A

Plane synovioil (acts like pivot)

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11
Q

Acromioclavicular joint

Movements

A

Gliding and some rotation of scapula

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12
Q

Humero-ulnar joint

Movement class

A

Diarthroses

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13
Q

Humero-ulnar joint

Mechanical class

A

Hinge

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14
Q

Humero-ulnar joint

Movements

A

Flex/ Ext

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15
Q

70 degree elbow flexion

10 degree supination

A

Humero-ulnar joint

Open pack position

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16
Q

Proximal Radio-ulnar joint

Movement class

A

Diarthroses

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17
Q

Proximal Radio-ulnar joint

Mechanical class

A

Pivot Joint

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18
Q

Proximal Radio-Ulnar joint

Movements

A

Pronation/ supination

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19
Q

Radiocarpal joint

Movement class

A

Diarthroses

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20
Q

Radiocarpal joint

Mechanical class

A

Ellipoid

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21
Q

Radiocarpal joint

Movements

A

Flex/ Ext

Abd/ Add

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22
Q

Metacarpal joint

Movement class

A

Diarthroses

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23
Q

Metacarpal joint

Mechanical class

A

Planar

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24
Q

Metacarpal joint

Movements

A

Sliding

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25
Q

Proximal interphalangeal joint

Movement classification

A

Diarthroses

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26
Q

Proximal interphalangeal joint

Mechanical class

A

Hinge

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27
Q

Proximal interphalangeal joint

Movements

A

Flex/ Ext

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28
Q

1st Carpal-metacarple joint

Movement classification

A

diarthroses

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29
Q

1st carpal-metacarple joint

Mechanical class

A

Saddle

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30
Q

1st carpal-metcarple joint

Movemetns

A

flex/ ext

abd/add

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31
Q

Metacarpal phalangeal joint

Movement class

A

Diarthroses

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32
Q

Metacarpal phalangeal joint

Mechanical class

A

Condyloid joint

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33
Q

Metacarpal phalangeal joint

Movements

A

Flex/ ext

Abd/ add

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34
Q

Apophyseal joint

Movement class

A

Diarthroses

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35
Q

Apophyseal joint

Mechanical class

A

synovial plane

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36
Q

Apophyseal joint

Movements

A

lat flex/ext

flex/ rotation

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37
Q

Atlantoaxial joint

Movement class

A

diarthroses

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38
Q

Atlantoaxial joint

Mechanical class

A

pivot

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39
Q

Atlantoaxial joint

Movements

A

Rotation

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40
Q

ilio-femoral joint “hip”

Movement class

A

diarthoses

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41
Q

ilio-femoral joint “hip”

Mechanical class

A

Ball and socket

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42
Q

ilio-femoral joint “hip”

movemetns

A

flex/ext
add/abd
ir/er

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43
Q

Tibiofemoral joint

Movement class

A

diarthroses

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44
Q

Tibofemoral joint

mechanical class

A

condyloid joint

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45
Q

tibiofemoral joint

movements

A

flex/ext

ir/er

46
Q

Proximal tibiofibular joint

Movement class

A

SYNARTHRODIAL

47
Q

Proximal tibiofibular joint

Mechanical class

A

plane

48
Q

Proximal tibiofibular joint

Movements

A

sup/ inf translation

ant/post translation

49
Q

Talocural joint

Movement class

A

Diarthoses

50
Q

Talocural joint

Mechanical class

A

hinge

51
Q

Talocural joint

Movemetns

A

dorsal flexion

plantar flexion

52
Q

Subtalar joint

Movement class

A

diarthoses

53
Q

Subtalar joint

Mechanical class

A

synarthroal unixaial oblique hinge

54
Q

Subtalar joint

Movements

A

inversion

eversion

55
Q

Talonavicular and Calcaneocuboid joints

Movement class

A

diarthoses

56
Q

Talonavicular and calcaneocuboid joints

Mechanical class

A

saddle joint

57
Q

Talonavicular and calcaneocuboid joints

Movements

A

dorsiflexion
plantar flesion
add/abd
er/ir

58
Q

What do joints do?

A

Dissapate forces from gravity and muscles

59
Q

What are the two classifications based on movements

A

synarthrodial and diatheses

60
Q

Explain synarthodial

A

has little or no movement

61
Q

explain diarthrodial

A

lots of movement

62
Q

Fibrosis synarthrodial joint examples

A

dense hard ct
~suture of skull
~ interosis radio-ulnar joint
~distal tibio-femoral joint

63
Q

Cartilaginous synarthrodial joint examples

A

less collagen
~ symphasis pubis
~interjoints of the spine
~manubrial sternal joint

64
Q

What are the examples of diarthroses joints?

A

~Gleunohumeral
~Apopyseal joint of the spine
~tibiofemoral
~talocural joint

65
Q

What is always associated with diarthrodal joints?

A 
Synovial fluid
Articular cartlidge
Joint capsule
Synovial membrane 
Ligaments 
Blood vessels 
Sensory nerves
*****************************
66
Q

What is sometimes associate with diarthrodail joints?

A 
~interarticular disc
~peripheral labrum 
~Fat pads
~bursa 
~synovial plicae
67
Q

What covers the ends of bones and artcicular surfaces and also makes the joint capsule?

A

articular cartlidge

68
Q

What are the two layers of the joint capsule?

A

Outer- Dense CT

Inner- synovial membrane

69
Q

What does synovial fluid contain?

A

Proteins found in blood plasma
~hyaluranon
~ glycoproteins

70
Q

What does synovial fluid do?

A

nutrition

lubrication

71
Q

What do ligaments do?

A

Connect bone to bone

resist excessive movements

72
Q

What are the two types of ligaments?
How do the differ?
What are some examples?

A

~capsular–> broad, resist movement in 2-3 planes,
MCL and glenohumeral joint
~extracapsular–> thinner, cord like resist in 1-2 planes
LCL in knee

73
Q

Where do blood vessels penetrate the joint capsule?

A

As deep as the layer between the synovial membrane and outer fibrous layer.

74
Q

What do nerves do in diarthrodail joints?

A

pain and propreoception

75
Q

What do interarticular disc do

A

increase joint congruency and force dispersion

76
Q

What do peripheral labrum do?

Where are they found?

A

~Deepen the concave aspect of the joint and thicken attachment for the joint capsule
~glenohumeral joint and actabulum

77
Q

Where are fat pads located?
What do they do?
What happened if they are inflamed?

A

~b/t synovial layer and fibrous layer
~ reduce amount of synovial fluid
~reduce synovial fluid more and impinge

78
Q

What are bursa?
Where are they?
What do they do?

A

~extension of synovial membrane filled with synovial fluid
~adjacent to fat pads
~also in high stress areas.

79
Q

What are synovial plicae?
What do they do?
Where are they commonly found?
What happens if they get inflamed?

A

~Slack plates of innermost joint capsule they shrink as you get older but you will always have them.
~They increase synovial fluid surface area and allow full motion.
~They are commonly found in the elbow and knee
~You will loose certain range of motion. Pain is most commonly found in medial plicae

80
Q

Which joints are mostly spheric convex surfaces that is enlarged in one demotion?

A

condyloid joints

81
Q

Why is the axis of rotation hard to find?

A

because it translates

82
Q

What is the instantaneous axis of rotation?

A

Where the AoR is in that perticular instance

83
Q

What is the evolute?

A

curved line made by all the axis of rotations

84
Q

What is the average axis of rotation?

How do we do it?

A

~estimation of all the instantaneous axis of rotations
~use CONVEX part as a reference point
~gonometry

85
Q

How do the kinematic chains of synartrodial and diarthrodial joints differ?

A

~synarthrodial:
-simple, stable, little movement (sutures of skull)

~diarthrodial:
-complex, mobility, little stability

86
Q

What is a kinematic chain?

A

series of links interconnected by a series of joints

87
Q

How are stability and mobility related?

A

stability is a prerequisite for mobility

88
Q

Describe open chain movements including where they are generally located

A

~Open chain, one joint can move independently of others and the distal end of the chain is free to move.
~ Mostly in the upper body

89
Q

Describe close chain movements including where they are generally located

A

~Distal and proximal ends are both fixed. Movement in one joint causes movement in one or more other joints.
~Weight bearing activities and lower extremity actives.

90
Q

What is range of motion?

What determines RoM?

A

~Amount of movement available to the joint with in the anatomic limits limitations of the joint.

a. Shape of the joints surfaces
b. Joint capsule
c. Ligaments.
d. Muscle bulk
e. Musculotendenous structures.
f. Bony structures.

91
Q

What is an end field?

What are the different types?

A

~Sensation at the end of passive physiological movements

a. Soft→ muscular
b. Firm→ ligaments
c. Hard→ bony

92
Q

Soft end field

A

muscular

93
Q

Firm end fiel

A

ligaments

94
Q

hard end field

A

bony

95
Q

Hypermobile Vs. Hypomobile

A

~Hyper: > normal movement, muscle weakness, instability

~Hypo: < normal movement, boney or cartlidgeous blocks, inability to elongate ct, contracture.

96
Q

Osteokinematics Vs. Arthrokinematics

A

~Osteo is based on anatomical position,
it is the location of the bones in space,
voluntary control

~Arthro is the location of the joints in relation to eachother.
Can not be isolatied.

97
Q

What is physiological joint motion?

A

arthro + osteo kinematics

98
Q

Rolling joint example

A

rocking
tibeofemoral joint
different contact points

99
Q

Sliding joint example

A

~“Gliding”
~metacarpophalangeal
~same contact point for ball different for ground.

100
Q

Spin joint example

A

~radiohumeral

~same contact point for ground different for ball.

101
Q

Combination of movements occur to _____ and depends on ___

A

~Preserve the joints integrity

~Joint articulating surfaces.

102
Q

Explain concave on convex rule

A

.

103
Q

What is the thing to remember about joint play

A

has to be in open pack position

104
Q

Describe close pack position

A

~usually at the end of the rom,
~ligaments are taught,
~joint surfaces are maximally congruent.
~Greatest stability and resistance to tensile forces
~little or no joint play possible

105
Q

Describe open pack position

A

~most relaxed,
~large joint volume,
~maximum amount of joint play.

106
Q

What is in PCT

A

~ Fibrous proteins (type I and type II collagen fibers elastin
~Ground substance (Glycosaminoglycans, water, solutes)
~Cells (chondrocytes and fibroblast)

107
Q

Explain the different types of collagen

A

~Type I: Thick, rigid stronger
dense CT, lig, tent fibrous part of joint capsule
fibrocartlidge

~Type II: thinner, less strength, stiff
higher consistence
articular cartilage

108
Q

Explain elastic fibers

A

resist tension but give more when elongated
~ hylin or elastic cartlidge
~certian spinal ligaments

109
Q

Where is Dense connective tissue found?

A

fibrous part of joint capsule, ligaments and tendons

110
Q

Characteristics of DCT

A 
~type 1 fibers
LOW:
~ fibroblast
~PG and elastin
~blood supple
~metabolism

FSM (4 decks)

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