Quiz #2

Question 1

according to hoyland, arabic probably existed as early as the
mid-_________ millenium BCE.

Answer 1

First

Question 2

true/false : the namarah inscription is the oldest dated pre-islamic arabic inscription dated back to 328 CE

Answer 2

False it is the 2nd oldest.

Question 3

true/ false : early arabic was basically arabic words written using early aramaic text.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

It is interesting to note that some of the earliest examples of arabic texts seem to have been _____________ inscriptions

Answer 4

Christian

Question 5

This is a pre-silamic arabic inscription from 569CE

Answer 5

Harran inscription

Question 6

True or false: Christian missionaries may have been the first to develop written arabic

Answer 6

True

Question 7

The reason that a number of scholars argue the Qu’ran was not written downuntil the early 8th century ____________

Answer 7

It is doubtful written arabic would have developed to the point where it would have captured the complex orality of araic communication… this probably took hundreds of years.

Question 8

1 out of every _____ people in our world claims to follow Islam

Answer 8

6

Question 9

The earliest written biographical material of muhammed is
______-_______ years after his death

Answer 9

150-200

Question 10

True / False : the condensed traditional timeframe of muhammed’s life fits some of the factual material we have

Answer 10

False, it fits none

Question 11

Condensed traditional view of Muhammed’s life

Answer 11

AD 570- muhammed born in mecca
AD 595- Marries Khadijah
AD 610- receives 1st revelation from angel gabriel
AD 622- muhammed escaped mecca to medina- hijrah
AD 630- muhammed conquers mecca
AD 632- muhammad dies

Question 12

true false: the qu’ran only mentions muhammed 4 times

Answer 12

True

Question 13

the earliest indication there was a man named muhammed is about ____ years after muhammed’s death

Answer 13

60

Question 14

According to traditional view, muhammed’s mother Amina died when he was _____, and his grandfather died when he was ____

Answer 14

6…. 8….

Question 15

according to peters, it is not even certain that the ____________ agreement, which is the cornerstone of muhammed’s presence and authority in __________, is even mentioned in the _________.

Answer 15

Medina, medina, Qu’ran

Question 16

true/ false- there is no evidence the medina agreement existed until the time of Ibn Ishaq- (mid 8th century)

Answer 16

True

Question 17

which battle did the muslims attack medina and get defeated in?

Answer 17

Uhud march 625

Question 18

true false- according to watt- at the time of muhammed’s death he was the ruler of almost the whole of arabia.

Answer 18

False, not that much but probably more than a small region of medina and mecca

Question 19

according to the neo revisionist view: the very few passing references to muhammed in earlier literary sources should be regarded as later _____________ by copiers who knew the traditional account

Answer 19

interpolations

Question 20

who do some neo-revisionists believe the numismatic (inscriptions on coins) reference to muhammed in 687 refers to?

Answer 20

Muhammad Ibn Marwan, or Muhammad Ibn Hanafiyyah.

Question 21

in 691 is where we get the first mention of Muhammed on a _______ minted by Abd al-Malik and on the _______ of the ______

Answer 21

Coin….. Dome…. Rock

Question 22

True / false: John of damascus who wrote in 730s considered muhammed to be a historical figure and a false prophet, and he ridiculed the Qu’ran

Answer 22

True

Question 23

according to neo revisionists: muhammed’s life, as recorded in the Sira, is largely the ___________ of later generations: the real muhammed was a messianic type figure who led a movement to re-posess _______: the Qu’ran was posthumously composed sometime during rhe Khalifate of ______ ___ _______

Answer 23

invention; jerusalem; Abd Al-Malik

Question 24

while there is rumored by muslims to be 4 Caliphs before him, who is the first bona-fide Arab Caliph?

Answer 24

Mu’awiya

Question 25

who was the caliph who had the most influence on early forms of islam?

Answer 25

Abd al-Malik

Question 26

when did material for the Qu’ran start to be collected in earnest? _________; and what were they: ____________ of writings, mostly renditions of ___________ liturgy and _________ commentary, as well as some __________ poetry.

Answer 26

70 years after muhammeds death, fragments, christian, jewish, arabic

Question 27

True/ false most of what we know of muhammed comes from the late 8th century and early ninth century (Ibn Ishaq’s Sira; used to help explain the qu’ran)

Answer 27

True

Question 28

The best evidence we have today seems to reveal a slow development of the ________ from non-muslim sources, primarily _________, that were adopted and incorporated into an intermediate monotheism that was neither Christian nor jewish, but was _________ by beliefs from both.

Answer 28

Qu’ran; syriac; influenced

Question 29

the traditional account says that the oral revelation given to muhammed over a 23 year period, was crystallized in the written Qu’ran, ______ years after muhammed’s death

Answer 29

20

Question 30

True / False there are some fragments of Qu’ranic material dated to the end of the 7th and first half of 8th century and these are clearly Islamic and not to be confused with Christianity or Judaism

Answer 30

False, they could easily be Jewish or Christian like monotheistic documents.

Question 31

what are two early Qu’ranic manuscripts according to muslim apologists

Answer 31

Samarqand and TopKapi

Question 32

the problem with believing the Qu’ran was written before 150 years after muhammed’s death is that the __________ ___________ language was not fully developed before then

Answer 32

written arabic

Question 33

who wrote the books: the heresy of the Ishmaelites and the disputation between a Christian and a Saracen?

Answer 33

john of damascus

Question 34

by 661 where was the center of the Umayyad empire?

Answer 34

Damascus

Question 35

what are the names of the umayyad caliphs- in order

Answer 35

• Mu’awiyah
• Yazid I
• Marwan ibn al-Hakam
• Abd al-Malik
• Walid I
  -Sulayman ibn Abd al-Malik
• Umar II

Question 36

who is given the name Chrysorrhoas which means “Golden flowing”

Answer 36

john of damascus

Question 37

True / False According to John of damascus; muhammed taught the Jews wanted to crucify Jesus and they did

Answer 37

False, they wanted to crucify him, but they ONLY crucified his shadow. jesus was taken to heaven by God