history of islam quiz 3 Flashcards
The abbasids move the political center of their empire to
Baghdad
What was the primary cultural contribution of the Muslims during the Abbasid Period?
The Muslims were able to recover and preserve the works of the ancient philosophers, as well as transmit from one civilization to another
By the ninth century, what happened to the Abbasid control of the empire?
The bosses continue to develop absolutism in such a fashion that they controlled a large portion of Eurasia
How did the Caliph al-Mahdi resolve the problem of succession in the Abbasid dynasty?
He failed to resolve the problem of dynastic succession with disastrous results
What was the innovation of the Abbasid court with respect to women?
The establishment of the harem
Which Abbasid caliph’s were especially renowned, for their encouragement of intellectual pursuits, and for the splendor of the courts
Harun al-Rashid and Abdullah al-Mamun
What was the regional splinter dynasty that captured Baghdad in 945?
The Mongols and the Buyids
In what year were the christians finally able to defeat the Muslims in Spain permanently
1492
True/false The Abbasid caliphate was founded by the descendants of the Islamic prophet Muhammad’s adopted son, Abbas ibn abd al-Muttalib
False
What were the reasons for the Abbasid revolution?
1.A series of Kharijite rebellions in Iraq pave the way for the advance of the Abbasids from Iran.
- Violence between the tribal alliances, consumed Umayyad empire
At first, when Muslim intellectuals were exposed to Greek theology, there was a new synthesis that took place in what was called
Kalam philosophy
What were some of the major theological issues early Muslims wrestled with?
Issues regarding faith versus works, Freewill versus predestination
Their rigid definition of orthodoxy, soon equated, true belief in Islam, with absolute obedience, and entrance in the paradise, became dependent upon actions, rather than faith. Essentially, they equated their faith with works.
Kharijites
They emphasize that right beliefs was entirely a matter of inner assent, rather than external performance, or practice, and consisted of knowing, loving and submitting to God, essentially, they believe that faith alone, save the person
Murji’ites
They proposed a Middle way, which would preserve a belief in an uncreated Qu’ran, but also renewed the problems mitigated by a belief that every entrance of the Quran wasn’t eternal address of God. Essentially they advanced the idea, but God speech is eternal, but only a spiritual sense, and as one of the attributes of God.
Ash’arites
