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CNA > QUIZ 2 > Flashcards

QUIZ 2 Flashcards

1
Q

USE A WIDE BASE OF SUPPORT

A

FIRM FOOTING
FEET APART
SLIGHTLY BENT KNEES
FACE WHAT YOU ARE LIFTING
KEEP BACK STRAIGHT

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2
Q

SUPINE

A

BASIC, FLAT ON BACK POSITION. PILLOW UNDER HEAD(MINIMUM). CAN USE PILLOWS OR ROLLED TOWELS TO SUPPORT ARMS, UNDER KNEES, FEET

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3
Q

SIDE-LYING LATERAL

A

LAYING ON SIDE
UPPER KNEE BENT
PILLOWS TO SUPPORT UPPER ARM

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4
Q

FOWLERS

A

SITTING/SEMI SITTING POSITION
PILLOW UNDER KNEES TO KEEP FROM SLIDING DOWN. RES. MUST IN A HIGH FOWLERS(SITTING UPRIGHT) POSITION TO EAT OR DRINK.

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5
Q

PRONE

A

LAYING ON ABDOMEN, HEAD TURNED TO THE SIDE. RARE NOT USUALLY USED FOR ELDERLY

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6
Q

SIMS

A

LEFT LATERAL, SIDE-LYING POSITION, WITH LOWER ARM BEHIND PERSON. OFTER A RECOVERY POSITION, OR A PROCEDURAL POSITION

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7
Q

DRAW SHEET/LIFTING IN BED

A

ALLOWS SOMETHING TO HOLD ONTO RATHER THAN RESIDENT WHEN LIFTING A PERSON IN BED.
BE SURE TO “CLEAR” MATTRESS TO PREVENT SHEARING
2 PEOPLE JOB
DRAW SHEET SHOULD EXTEND FROM SHOULDERS TO HIPS/BUTTOCKS

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8
Q

LOGROLLING

A

TURNING THE PATIENT WHILE KEEPING THEM IN A COMPLETELY STRAIGHT LINE

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9
Q

DANGLING

A

TO SIT ON SIDE OF BED, WITH LEGS HANGING DOWN, FOR A FEW MOMENTS. RETURNS CIRCULATION TO HEAR, PREVENTS SYNCOPE(PASSING OUT) FROM STANDING UP TOO FAST

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10
Q

PIVOT

A

TO TURN/ROTATE

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11
Q

AMBULATION

A

WALKING

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12
Q

GAIT

A

THE MANNER OF WALKING (BALNCED/STEADY? UNSTEADY? UNABLE TO BEAR WEIGHT?)

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13
Q

HOYER

A

SPECIAL EQUIPMENT USED TO TRANSFER PATIENTS THAT REQUIRES NO PHYSICAL LIFTING BY STAFF

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14
Q

AFFECTED(WEAK) SIDE

A

AFTER STROKE OR INJURY, INDIVIDUALS MAY BE UNABLE TO USE ONE SIDE. TRANSFERS SHOULD BE DONE WITH STRONG SIDE OF THEIR BODY LEADING PIVOT.

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15
Q

GAIT BELT

A

NEVER ON BARE SKIN
MUST FIT SNUG
OVER CLOTHES

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16
Q

PROPER FOOTWEAR

A

NON-SLIP SOCKS OR SHOES ON TO TRANSFER RESIDENT

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17
Q

LOCKED WHEELCHAIRS

A

AND BEDS AND SHOWER CHAIRS
CHECK AND DOUBLE CHECK THAT ANYTHING THAT CAN MOVE, WONT MOVE

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18
Q

UTILIZE THE GAIT BELT

A

INDIVIDUALS WHO NEED YOUR HELP PROBABLY NEED A GAIT BELT

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19
Q

LEAD WITH THEIR STRONG SIDE

A

PLAN AHEAD TO HAVE CHAIR, WHEELCHAIR ON THIS SIDE

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20
Q

COMMUNICATE WITH RESIDENT(AND YOUR PEER)

A

SO THEY KNOW WHEN THE LIFT/TRANSFER WILL OCCU AND CAN HELP PUSH OFFZ

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21
Q

OUR MUSCLES ATROPHY

A

WITHOUT GROWTH
WASTE AWAY, GRADUALLY DECLINE FROM UNDERUSE

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22
Q

BONES

A

BECOME MORE BRITTLE FROM CALCIUM DEPLETION(BROKEN BONES RISK)
GET SHORTER FROM CARTILAGE DECREASE

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23
Q

TENDONS AND LIGAMENTS

A

BECOME LESS FLEXIBLE AND MORE STIFF, DECREASING RANGE OF MOTION

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24
Q

JOINTS

A

BECOME PAINFUL BECAUSE THE CUSHY CARTILAGE BETWEEN BONES HAS DECREASED(BONE AGAINST BONE)

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25
Q

OSTEOPOROSIS

A

OSTEO(BONES)
LOSS OF ONE DENSITY
AGE, SMOKING, LACK OF CALCIUM, DECREASED ESTROGEN, LACKOF EXERCISE

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26
Q

PROSTHESIS

A

AN ARTIFICIAL DEVIE THAT REPLACES THE BODY PART

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27
Q

CONTRACTURE

A

SHORTENING OR HARDENING OF MUSCLES, TENDONS OR OTHER TISSUE, LEADING TO DEFORMITY AND RIGIDITY OF JOINTS(IMMOBILITY)

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28
Q

FALL PREVENTION

A

IMPORTANT TO PREVENT INJURIES SUCH AS HIP FRACTURES

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29
Q

ABDUCTION PILLOW USED WITH HIP FRACTURES

A

ARE USED TO IMMOBILIZE THE LEGS AND PLACE THE HIPS IN A POSTION TO HEAL PROPERLY. NEVER ALLOW THE LEGS TO CROSS!!

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30
Q

PREVENT CONTRACTURES AND ATROPHY

A

FREQUENT MOVEMENT OF JOINTS, ROM EXERCISES, ORTHOTIC DEVICES

31
Q

ATROPHY

A

WASTING AWAY/WEAKENING OF MUSCLES

32
Q

ATROPHY PREVENTION

A

EXERCISES/MOVEMENT, HIGH PROTEIN /HEALTHY DIET, ENCOURAGE TO COMPLETE ADL TASKS

33
Q

REHABILITATION

A

used to RESTORE a person to their highest possible functioning level usually following an injury or illness

34
Q

Restorative Care

A

used to MAINTAIN a person’s current functioning level (to prevent getting worse)

35
Q

physical therapy

A

exercise a joint
improve ability to move body

36
Q

occupational therapy

A

promote ability to be independent and do things for yourself(feed and dress themselves)

37
Q

Being dependent

A

decreases mobility
decreases quality of life,
and mental health

38
Q

Promoting independence is part of rehabilitation and restorative care

A

short, simple directives or gestures to guide individuals to complete the next step in a task…
ie, instructing resident to wet their toothbrush, or guiding their hand holding the toothbrush to their mouth

39
Q

risks with immobility

A

Constipation
UTI
pressure sores
poor circulation
pneumonia
Muscle ATROPHY
CONTRACTURES
Depression
weight gain with slow metabolism

40
Q

benefits of mobility

A

normal bowel elimination
healthy skin
good circulation
increased

41
Q

clean

A

not 100% certain its clean

42
Q

sterile

A

100% clean, using autoclave(heat), open items in specific ways to keep it sterile

43
Q

dirty

A

any items that have come in contact with people

44
Q

surgical asepsis(without bacteria)

A

a state of being free of all microorganisms

45
Q

MRSA/Cdiff(multidrug-resistant organisms (MDROs)

A

Microorganisms that are resistant to one or more antimicrobial agents that are commonly used for treatments
CA.diff-spore forming bacteria, difficult to kill and easily transmittable(foul smelling) need own room
MRSA-staff bacterial infection, Ha-MRSA is hospital associated illness
MRSA spread by physical contact

46
Q

Bloodborne pathogens

A

HIV(visus that causes AIDS)
HEP B

47
Q

Standard precautions

A

treating blood, body fluids, nonintact skin and mucous membranes as if they were infected. (tears, saliva, sputum, urine feces

48
Q

causative agent

A

a pathogenic microorganism that causes disease. microorganisms are small living bodies that cannot be seen without microscope. They are on skin, food, in the air, in water, and they include bacteria, viruses, fungi and parasites

49
Q

chain of infection

A
  1. causative agent
  2. reservoir(Where pathogen lives)
  3. portal of exit((nose, mouth, eyes, or skin cut)
  4. mode of transmission(contact, droplet, and airborne transmission) primary route in health care setting is via hands of health workers
  5. portal of entry(nose, mouth, eyes, skin cuts, cracked skin)
  6. susceptible host(low immune system, age, existing illness, fatigue, poor nutrition, lack of fluid, stress, medications
50
Q

Infection prevention

A

Methods used to prevent infection by controlling the spread of disease.
wash hands,
wear gloves
wash all skin surfaces after removing gloves
wear disposable gown
wear mask
wear gloves to handle blades and needles
Never attempt to recap needles or sharps after use
bag all disposable contaminated supplies

51
Q

localized infection

A

one area(toe infection, boil/skin infection, pink eye, dental abscess)

52
Q

systemic infection

A

whole body(traveling through the bloodstream)sepsis, chicken pox, syphilis, TB

53
Q

don/doff

A

put on/remove

54
Q

Active Range of Motion(AROM)

A

Can be done independently by the individual

55
Q

Passive range of motion(PROM)

A

requires a staff member to perform the exercises because the individual can not move on their own

56
Q

abduction

A

moving AWAY from the midline of the body

57
Q

Adduction

A

moving TOWARDS the midline of the body

58
Q

Flexion

A

Bending of a body part

59
Q

Extension

A

straightening of a body part

60
Q

Hyperextension

A

pushing it past its normal range(some joints should not be hyperextended. always stop at point of pain or limitation

61
Q

ROM
Rotation

A

Turning/rotatin the joint

62
Q

ROM
pronation

A

Turning the body part downward(prone)

63
Q

ROM
supination

A

Turning the body part upward(supine)

64
Q

Opposition

A

touching the thumb to each of the other fingers

65
Q

ROM
circumduction

A

Turning the body part in a full circle

66
Q

microorganisms/microbes

A

living organisms that can only be seen under a microscope-found everywhere

67
Q

pathogens

A

microbes that are harmful to us. They creat INFECTION when they enter the human body and reproduce

68
Q

community acquired infections

A

Walking pneumonia
Influenze/covid
HIV

69
Q

Health care associated infections

A

Surgical site infection
Ventilator pneumonia
C-Diff
UTI with catheters

70
Q

localized infections

A

redness
swelling
pain
warm to touch
drainage

71
Q

systemic infection

A

fever
chills
body aches/headache
nausea/vomiting
cough
confustion

72
Q

communicable diseases

A

contagious, caused by pathogens(mono, covid, TB, measles, MRSA, HIV, etc)

73
Q

non communicable diseases

A

not caused by pathogens and are not contagious(cancer, heart disease, asthma, diabetes

CNA (9 decks)

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