Quiz 2 Flashcards by Brandon Fierro

ABO

blood group system

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antecubital

medical term meaning “in front of the elbow”

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aorta

largest artery in the body

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arrhythmia

irregularity in the heart rate, rhythm, or beat

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arteries

blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart

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atria

upper receiving chambers of the heart

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basilic vein

large antecubital vein on the inner side of the arm

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basophils

WBCs with large dark blue-black staining granules

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bicipital aponeurosis

fibrous membrane located within the antecubital fossa

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brachial artery

major arm artery

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blood pressure

force exerted by the blood on the walls of the blood vessels

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buffy coat

consists of white blood cells and platelets

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capillaries

microscopic vessels connecting the arterial system and venous systems

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cardiac cycle

one complete contraction and subsequent relaxation of the heart

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cephalic vein

antecubital vein in the lateral aspect of the arm

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coagulation

test to determine compatibility of blood for transfusion

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diastolic pressure

arterial pressure during relaxation of the ventricles

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ECG/EKG

record of the electrical activity of the heart

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eosinophils

granulocytes that increase with allergies and pinworm infections

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erythrocytes

medical term for red blood cells (RBCs)

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erythropoiesis

term that means red blood cell production

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extrinsic

coagulation pathway initiated by factors outside the bloodstream

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fibrin

elastic, threadlike protein involved in clot formation

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fibrinogen

coagulation factor converted to fibrin in the coagulation process

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fibrinolysis

process that leads to dissolution of a blood clot

formed elements

RBCs, WBCs, and platelets

hemostasis

body response that stops blood loss after an injury

hemostatic plug

stable blood clot

intrinsic

coagulation pathway initiated by factors within the bloodstream

in vitro

in a test tube

in vivo

in the living body

leukocytes

medical term for white blood cells (WBCs)

lymphatic system

system that removes impurities and returns tissue fluid to the blood stream

lymphocytes

second most numerous WBCs

median basilic vein

last-choice vein in the M-shaped pattern

median cephalic vein

second-choice vein in the M-shaped pattern

median cubital vein

first-choice vein for venipuncture in the H-shaped pattern

median nerve

major nerve located near the basilic vein

median vein

first-choice vein for venipuncture in the M-shaped pattern

megakaryocyte

large bone marrow cell from which platelets are produced

monocytes

the largest of the WBCs

neutrophils

WBCs that are sometimes called "segs"

plasma

fluid portion of whole blood

platelet plug

temporarily seals a break in a blood vessel

platelets

formed elements essential to the clotting process

pulmonary circulation

delivers blood from the heart to the lungs and back to the heart

blood group system based on the D antigen

serum

fluid portion of clotted blood

systemic circulation

delivers blood from the heart to the body tissues and back to the heart

systolic pressure

arterial pressure during the contracting phase of the cardiac cycle

systolic pressure

arterial pressure during the contracting phase of the cardiac cycle

thrombin

main coagulation enzyme

thrombocytes

medical term for platelets

tunica adventitia

outer layer of a blood vessel

tunica intima

inner layer of a blood vessel

tunica media

middle layer of a blood vessel

vasoconstriction

reduction in blood vessel diameter due to contraction of tunica media muscle fibers

veins

blood vessels that return blood to the heart

ventricles

lower chambers of the heart, which deliver blood to the arteries

whole blood

blood in the same form as it was in the bloodstream

Veins carry

Deoxygenated blood

Functions of the circulatory system are

- carries oxygen and nutrients to cells - carries carbon dioxide and other waste away from cells - aids in coagulation and regulating body temperature

it is important to locate a vein that is

well-fixed and does not overlie a pulse

Name the most common hematology test

CBC (complete blood count)

what is the largest artery called

arota

which has thick walls to withstand high pressure

arteries

systemic circulation carries

oxygenated blood and nutrients from the left ventricle to the cells of the entire body, then back to the right atrium

The internal space of blood vessels through which blood flows is called the

Lumen

Name the thin membranous leaflets that prevent the backflow of blood in veins

Valves

name the preferred vein and first choice antecubital (AC) vein for venipuncture

Median cubital

MI is the abbreviation for myocardial infraction or heart attack, which is

Ischemia and death of heart muscle

ischemia is caused by

partial or complete obstruction of the coronary artery

force exerted by blood on walls of arteries is considered the patient's

blood pressure

what is the fluid portion of whole blood separated from the RBCs, WBCs, and platelets by the centrifugation that contains fibrinogen (clotting protein) called

plasma

the lymph system

- Delivers fats absorbed from the small intestine to the blood stream - protects the body by removing microorganisms and impurities - returns tissue fluid to the bloodstream

veins on the underside of the wrist are

not acceptable for venipuncture

pulmonary circulation functions by moving blood from

right ventricle of heart to the lungs

the sound of the heartbeat's characteristic "lub dub" come from

opening the closing of the heart valves