Quiz 2 Flashcards

1
Q

What is reduction?

A

the attempt to explain complex phenomena in terms of simpler components

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2
Q

What are neurons? What are their basic structure and functions?

A
  1. neurons: nerve cells

2a. structure: cell body, dendrites, axon, and terminal buttons
2b. function: convey information over long distances

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3
Q

What is action potential?

A

an excitation that travels along an axon at a constant strength, no matter how far it travels

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4
Q

What is resting potential?

A

an electrical polarization across the membrane (or covering) of an axon

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5
Q

(1.) What is a synapse and terminal button? (2.) What are neurotransmitters (including, especially, serotonin and dopamine)?

A

1a. synapse: the specialized junction between one neuron and another
1b. terminal button: a bulge at the end of an axon from which the axon releases a neurotransmitter

  1. neurotransmitters: a chemical that activates receptors on other neurons
    - serotonin: modifies many types of motivated and emotional behavior
    - dopamine: one path is important for movement, another path is important for memory and cognition
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6
Q

What is a reuptake?

A

a process to recycle neurotransmitters in which active processes exist within nerve terminals to reabsorb the released neurotransmitter.

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7
Q

What are the techniques used to measure brain activity?

A

EEG, PET, fMRI

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