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E&I > Quiz 1d > Flashcards

Quiz 1d Flashcards

1
Q

5 vital signs

A

BP, HR, RR, temp, pain

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2
Q

Where is BP highest?

A

Arteries

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3
Q

Where is bp lower and lowest?

A

Capillaries; veins

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4
Q

Bp: —/—

A

Systolic/diastolic

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5
Q

6 influences on BP

A
  1. Blood vol
  2. Elasticity of arteries
  3. Cardiac output
  4. Age
  5. Exercise
  6. Valsalva
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6
Q

Normal BP

A

<120/<80

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7
Q

Prehypertension BP

A

120-139/80-89

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8
Q

Hypertension stage 1

A

140-159/90-99

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9
Q

Hypertension stage 2

A

> 160/>100

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10
Q

What is pulse caused by?

A

A wave of blood in an artery created by contraction of LV

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11
Q

3 things to observe from pulse

A

Rate, rhythm, volume

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12
Q

6 factors that affect pulse

A
  1. Age
  2. Sex
  3. Emotion
  4. PA level
  5. Body size
  6. Systemic or local heat/cold
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13
Q

How many liters circulate through body each min?

A

5-6

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14
Q

3 reasons for positioning

A
  1. Prevent contractures
  2. Promote mobility
  3. Prevent pressure on skin, circulatory and neuronal structures
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15
Q

4 causes of pressure injuries

A
  1. Decreased sensation
  2. Increased moisture
  3. Sheering
  4. Ischemia
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16
Q

6 head and trunk BP that cause pressure injuries in supine

A
  1. Occ tuberosity
  2. Spine of scap
  3. Inf angle of scap
  4. Vert processes
  5. Sacrum
  6. Post iliac crest
17
Q

5 head and trunk BP that cause pressure injuries in prone

A
  1. Forehead
  2. Lateral ear
  3. Acromion
  4. Sternum
  5. ASIS
18
Q

3 head and trunk BP that cause pressure injuries in sitting

A
  1. Ischial tub
  2. Scapula
  3. Vertebral prominence
19
Q

UE BP that causes pressure injury in supine, sidelying and sitting

A

Medial epicondyle of humerus

20
Q

UE BP that causes pressure injury in prone

A

Anterior head of humerus

21
Q

4 LE BP that cause pressure injuries in supine

A
  1. Post calcaneus
  2. Greater troch
  3. Head of fib
  4. Malleolus
22
Q

3 LE BP that cause pressure injuries in prone

A
  1. Patella
  2. Ridge of tibia
  3. Dorsum of foot
23
Q

2 LE BPs that cause pressure injuries in side lying

A
  1. Medial condyle of femur

2. Malleolus of tib

24
Q

LE BP that causes pressure injuries in sitting

A

Fib head

25
Q

4 common contracture sites

A
  1. Hip flexion; external rotation
  2. Knee flexion
  3. Ankle plantar flexion
  4. Shoulder adduction, internal rotation
26
Q

3 precautions for positioning

A
  1. Avoid folds in linen
  2. Observe skin color
  3. Caution w bony prominences
27
Q

THR precautions (5)

A
  1. No internal rotation
  2. No adduction
  3. No flexion at hip >90 degrees
  4. Consider surgical approach
  5. Scar area
28
Q

3 TKR precautions

A
  1. No pillows under knee
  2. CPM device (continuous passive motion)
  3. Scar area

E&I (13 decks)

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