Quiz 12 Flashcards
- Which of the following statements regarding Intelligent Design (ID) is INCORRECT?
ID proponents allow for some change within species (microevolution)
ID proponents accept the fact that the Earth is much older than 6,000 years
ID proponents accept that the mainstream scientific discipline of evolution is largely correct
ID proponents argue that there are certain biochemical processes and structures, that, being “irreducibly complex”, cannot have arisen through unguided natural processes
ID proponents accept that the mainstream scientific discipline of evolution is largely correct
- Which population will grow more rapidly, population A which has an r = 0.3 or population B which has an r = 0.5?
population A
population B
population B
- With respect to sickle cell anemia, which genotype would, on average, have the highest relative fitness in Africa?
an individual who is homozygous “normal” (carries no copies of the allele coding for a defective hemoglobin protein)
an individual who is a carrier for the sickle cell trait (has one copy of the allele coding for a defective hemoglobin protein)
an individual who is homozygous for the sickle cell trait (has two copies of the allele coding for a defective hemoglobin protein)
an individual who is a carrier for the sickle cell trait (has one copy of the allele coding for a defective hemoglobin protein)
- Several things happen to populations as a result of a founder event or a bottleneck. Which of the following correctly describes the consequences of a founder event or a bottleneck?
population size decreases and genetic variation increases
genetic variation decreases and allele frequencies change
genetic variation decreases and allele frequencies remain the same
population size decreases and allele frequencies remain the same
genetic variation decreases and allele frequencies change
- Which type of selection is thought to operate on birth weight in humans?
stabilizing selection
directional selection
disruptive selection
stabilizing selection
- There were two scientific criticisms about Darwin’s ideas shortly after he presented the evidence for evolution by means of natural selection. One had to do with the age of the Earth. What was the other?
how genes operated
the Biblical account of creation
how traits were passed on from one generation to the next
how radioactive decay occurs
how traits were passed on from one generation to the next
7. There are a variety of reproductive isolating mechanisms (ways that present mating between individuals). Most are classified as intrinsic (something about the organism itself), and only one type is an extrinsic isolating mechanism. Which of the following is the extrinsic isolating mechanism? geographic isolation ecological isolation genetic isolation behavioral isolation
geographic isolation
8. About how long ago did the lineage leading to humans split from the lineage that eventually evolved into the common chimpanzee and the Bonobo (pygmy chimpanzee)? about 5 thousand years ago about 50,000 years ago about 500,000 years ago about 5 million years ago
about 5 million years ago
9. Scientists studied the amount of genetic variation among geographic groups of humans using a STR locus (tandem repeats of TTTTC). Which human group had the MOST genetic variation? Asians Europeans Sub-Saharan Africans Native Americans
Sub-Saharan Africans
- List one of the three main attributes/structural differences that make a cephalopod eye a “better” design than a vertebrate eye.
Could be: lack of a blind spot, photoreceptor cells located in front of neurons and blood vessels, and a lens that is moved backwards and forwards
- Which of the following factors will lead to a decrease in population size?
births
immigration
emigration
emigration
- Suppose a population of rabbits, introduced to an island, experiences rapid growth for a few years, and then population growth slows. The population size becomes stable because:
“r” declines
immigration declines
the carrying capacity has been reached
the carrying capacity has been reached
- Density dependent factors affecting a population change as a function of the ______________________
population size
severity of the bottleneck
severity of an abiotic factor such as a storm, heat wave, etc.
population size
1) variation in a population that natural selection can act on, and 4) the subset of the population that survives better and reproduces more is not a random sample. What are postulates 2 and 3?
2) traits have to be heritable (genetic component)
3) environmental factor(s) reduce survival and reproduction resulting in variable reproduction
