Quiz 1. Introduction to Psychology Flashcards
What is psychology?
The scientific study of behavior and mental process.
What is behavior?
Is anything you do or think
Overt behaviors…
are the observable actions and responses
Covert behaviors…
are private mental events like thinking, dreaming and remembering.
Psychology goals:
Describe, Understand, Prediction and Control
Scientific Method Steps:
- Make an observation, 2. Define the problem, 3. Hypothesis, 4. Gathering evidence and testing the hypothesis, 5. Theory building, 6. Publishing results
Who’s the father of psychology?
Wilhelm Wundt
To analyze the structure of mental life in basic element or building blocks.
Structuralism
How the mind, perception, habits and emotions helps people to adapt and survive
Functionalism (William James)
He thought that looking inward is subjective still it is used actually in meditation, hypnosis, problem solving, etc.
Titchener (Structuralism)
Studied conscious experience (What happens when we experience sensations, images, and feelings?
Wilhelm Wundt (Father of psychology)
Who created the functionalism?
William James
The study of the mind or conscious experience.
Observable behavior
He observed that he could study the behavior of animals without asking them questions
John B. Watson (Behaviorism)
Is a form of learning whereby a conditioned stimulus becomes associated with an unrelated unconditioned stimulus in order to produce a behavioral response known as a conditioned response.
Classic Behaviorism
He believed that we act to obtain rewards and avoid punishments. (Who thought this and what type is)
B.F. Skinner, Radical Behaviorism
He studied thinking, learning, and perception as whole units
Max Wertheimer (Gestalt psychology)
Analyze psychological element into pieces or elements. “See the bigger picture”
Gestalt Psychology
In mental life, only a small part is conscious and exposed to view. Our behavior is influenced by unconscious thoughts, impulses and desires especially those concerning sex and agression.
Psychoanalytic psychology
The part of the mind that is outside of personal awareness
Unconscious
He believed that thoughts, emotions and actions are determined nothing is an accident. He also stated that the events as a child may affect in the adult personality of the person involved.
Sigmund Freud (Psychoanalytic psychology)
Interested in human potentials, ideals and problems. Also believed in free will.
Humanistic Psychology
He though that the past do affect us but people have the choice to live more creatively, meaningful and satisfying lives.
Abraham Maslow (Humanistic Psychology)
Interested in the need of love, self-esteem, belonging, self-expression, creativity and spiritually
Humanistic Psychology
Abraham Maslow Pyramid
Self-actualization, Esteem, Love and belonging, safety needs, physiological needs.
Desire to become the most that one can be
Self-actualization
Respect, status, recognition, strength, freedom
Esteem
Friendship, intimacy, family, sense of connection
Love and belonging
Personal security, employment, resources, health, property
Safety needs
Air, water, food, shelter, sleep, clothing, reproduction
Physiological needs
