Quiz 1 : Intro to Endocrine Flashcards
Which of the processes DOES NOT show down regulation?
A. Destruction of the receptors by lysosomes
B. Greater ability of the receptor for hormone interaction
C. Inactivation of some receptor molecules
D. Inactivation of some intracellular protein signaling molecules
B. Greater ability of the receptor for hormone interaction
What substances that are released by axon terminals of neurons into the synaptic junctions and act locally to control nerve cell functions?
Neurotransmitters
T or F
The peptide hormones and catecholamines have a faster rate of metabolic clearance from the blood stream as compared to the plasma protein-bound hormones.
True
What type of organs in the body secretes their products into body cavities and tracts through ducts?
Exocrine Glands
What chemical messengers released into the extracellular fluid and acts on neighboring cells that is of different type than the cells that produced these chemicals?
Paracrines
T or F
In secondary messenger mechanism, the hormone-receptor complex activates a G-protein or an enzyme which activates or catalyzes synthesis of cAMP, which its mere presence can cause a cascade of biochemical reactions. In this scenario, the G protein or enzyme is the second messenger
False
T or F
The positive feedback mechanism allows surges of hormones as a response to a stimuli, and the intended effect will eventually cause further stimulation of the same hormone release.
True
T or F
Water-soluble hormones are dissolved in the erythrocyte cytoplasm when being transported through the circulation.
False
Where are the receptors located for lipid-soluble hormones?
In the cell
T or F
The endocrine hormones are released by glands or specialized cells through ducts into hallow organs or surface of the skin.
False
Which of the following statements is INCORRECT regarding the characteristics of nervous system and the endocrine system?
a. The site of mediator action of the endocrine system is far from site of release
b. Nervous system has shorter duration of action
с. Onset of action for the endocrine system is miliseconds
d. Mediator molecules of the nervous system are neurotransmitters
Onset of action for the endocrine system is miliseconds
Which of the following statements correctly describe the transport of water-soluble hormones?
a. Initially requires depolarization of the cell to open the voltage-gated channels to allow entry of the hormone
b. Activation of the membrane receptor with use of ATP to allow entry of the hormone
c. Requires either a membrane receptor and a 2nd messenger system
d. Simple diffusion occurs
Requires either a membrane receptor and a 2nd messenger system
A hormone may have a permissive effect to a previous hormone if it activates the same pathways that lead to the formation of the same type of secondary messengers.
a.False
b.True
False
There are two ways that can cause calcium influx, opening of a voltage gated channel secondary to an action potential, and stimulation of a ion channel-linked receptor by a hormone.
a. True
b. False
True
The two factors that influence the concentration of hormones in the blood is the rate of hormone secretion by the endocrine and the rate of hormone removal from the blood.
True or False
True
The luteal phase of the ovarian cycle is due to
a. LH
b.FSH
c. Progesterone
d. Estrogen
LH
This hormone is detected by pregnancy test kits
a. Estrogen
b. hPL
c. hCG
d. Progesterone
hCG
Epinephrine is important during
a. breast feeding
b. stimulation of the pituitary gland to release FSH and LH
c. fight or flight response
d. glycogen storage in the liver and skeletal muscles
Fight ir flight response
Which of the following hormones is regulated by the hypothalamic-pituitary-target organ axis?
a. Growth hormone
b. Aldosterone
c. Insulin
d. All choices are correct
Growth hormone
Which of the following hormones is correctly matched to their properties?
a. Calcitonin - decreases plasma Ca levels
b. Cortisol - decreases blood glucose levels
c. Vitamin D - increases PTH levels d.
d. GnRH - decreases FSH and LH.
GnRH - decreases FSH and LH
Which of the following hormones is produced by the
hypothalamus?
a. TSH
b. ACTH
c. hcG
d. GnRH
GnRH
Which of the following hormones are regulated by modified negative feedback mechanism?
a. PTH
b. Glucagon
c. Insulin
d. All choices are correct
All choices are correct
This hormone increases blood glucose levels and has immunosuppressive properties.
a. Insulin
b. Aldosterone
c. Growth hormone
d. Cortisol
Cortisol
Water reabsorption in the kidneys is enhanced by
a. ADH
b. MSH
c. GHRH
d. ACTH
ADH
Masculine features among females is mostly due to
a. androgen
b. testosterone
c. progesterone
d. estrogen
androgen
Which of the following is true regarding Sertoli cells?
a. They express LH receptors.
b. They produce estrogen.
c. They facilitate ovulation.
d. They are stimulated by GnRH.
They facilitate ovulation.
This endocrine organ mainly produces steroid hormones.
a. All choices are correct
b. Islets of Langerhans
с. Adrenal cortex
d. Thyroid gland
Adrenal cortex
Which of the following is the target organ of insulin?
a. Pancreas
b. GIT
c. Skeletal muscles
d. Brain
Skeletal muscles
Which of the following hormones are derived from polypeptides?
a. All choices are correct
b. Epinephrine
c. TSH
d. Vitamin D
All choices are correct
The receptors for this hormone is located on the cell membrane of target cells.
a. Epinephrine
b. Insulin
c. Growth hormone
d. All choices are correct
Insulin
