Quiz 1 (Clinical Relevance Of Cell Membranes/Transport) Flashcards
Defects in ___ result in accumulation of sphingomyelin, causing ___.
Sphingomyelinase (A-SMase)
Niemann-Pick Disease
___ is a marker for apoptosis when found on the outer leaflet of a cell membrane.
Phosphatidylserine
Lipids common to OUTER leaflet of cell membrane
Lipids common to INNER leaflet of cell membrane
OUTER:
Phosphatidylcholine
Shingomyelin
Glycolipids
INNER:
Phosphatidylinositol
Phosphatidylserine (*marker for apoptosis when found outside)
Phosphatidylethanolamine
Arrangement of ___ give rise to the different blood groups.
Carbohydrates
Increase in ____ causes stiffening of a RBC’s membrane, leading to Spur Cell Anemia which is characterized by ____.
Cholesterol
Acanthocytes
Defects in transporters for ___ cause Cystinuria, resulting in accumulation of ___ in the ____.
“COLA” = cysteine, ornithine, lysine, arginine
Cysteine crystals
Kidneys
Defects in transporter for ___, especially ___ (a precursor for serotonin and melatonin), result in Hartnup Disease.
Non-polar/neutral amino acids
Tryptophan
Cardiac glycosides “jump-start” the heart by…?
Inhibiting Na+/K+ ATPase in cardiac myocytes
—>higher than normal [Na+] within the cells
—>impairs activity of the Sodium Calcium Exchanger (NCX)
—>higher than normal [Ca+] outside cells
—>increase in contractile force of cardiac cells
Cystic Fibrosis is characterized by a genetic defect resulting in the formation of defective ____, which is a ___. This causes the buildup of ___ within airway cells resulting in the compensatory flow of ___ and ___ into the cells.
CFTR protein
Chloride ion transporter
Chloride (Cl-) ions
Sodium (Na+) ions / Water