quiz 1 Flashcards
RIng of tonsils (5), also called….
Adenoid Eustachian Palatine Lingual Sublingual
also called Waldeyer’s Ring
Glossoptosis
collapse of oropharynx, tongue dropping posteriorly
Macroglossia
Large Tongue
Micrognathia
small jaw, mandible
Prognathism
prutruding Jaw. mandible
Microgenia
small chin
microstomia
Small mouth
malocclusion
upper protrusion, buck teeth, overbite
Supraglottis Compartment contains:
Epiglottis
False vocal folds
Glottis (ventricle) contains:
True vocal folds
Rima Gottidis
Arytenoids
Narrowest part of airway in adults
Rima Glottidis
Infraglottis Compartment contains:
Cricoid cartilage
Trachea
Larynx contains 9 structures, 3 paired and 3 unpaired
3 Paired: -Arytenoid -Corniculate -Cuneiform 3 Unpaired: -Epiglottis -Thyroid -Cricoid
Hyoid bone suspends what?
Larynx
Extrinsic Larynx muscles do what?
- Attach larynx to bone and pharynx
- Move larynx during swallowing
Intrinsic Larynx muscles do what (2 sets)?
- One alters size and shape
- Other moves true vocal folds
Aryepiglottic muscle action
Pulls epiglottis down over larynx
Thryoepiglottic Muscle action
Assist pulling epiglottis down
Obliquie Arytenoid
Pulls arytenoids together, adductor
Only intrinsic muscle that isnt innervated by the Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve (RLN) and what nerve does it use
Cricothyroid
External Superior Laryngeal Nerve
Cricothyroid muscle action
Tensor of vocal cords
Throarytenoid muscle action
Relaxer of vocal cords
Lateral Cricoarytenoid muscle action
Adductor of vocal cords
Posterior Cricoarytenoid muscle action
Abductor of vocal cords
Traverse Arytenoid muscle action
Adductor of vocal cords
Vocalis muscle action
Abductor
where does the larynx move during swallowing?
Upward
Laryngeal Membranes:
Thyrohyoid membrane
Quadrangular Membrane
Cricothyroid Membrane
Membrane used for emergency airway or jet ventilation
Crycothyroid Membrane
The Nerve that the RLN and SLN branch from, also what number
Vagus nerve
CN X
Stimulation of what nerve causes laryngospasm
Internal SLN
Internal SLN provides:
sensation to supraglottic and ventricle compartment
External SLN provides:
Motor innervation of cricothyroid muscle
Sphenopalatine ganglion innervates, and what nerve
nasal mucosa, superior pharynx, uvula, tonsils
CN V
Glossopharyngeal Nerve innervates, and what nerve
oral pharynx, supraglottic region
CN IX
Space anterior to the epiglottis at the root of the tongue
Vallecula
pressure applied on the cricoid to close the esophagus
Sellicks Maneuver
Narrowest part of childs airway
Cricoid ring
Level of Carina
T5-7
25cm from teeth
how is gas exchanged between airspace and pulm capillaries
Simple diffusion
Alveoli cell types
Type 1 Pneumocyte Type 2 Pneumocyte Endothelial capillaries Macrophages Septal Cells Mast Cells
Type I Pneumocyte
- 95% alveolar wall
- flat and thin for increased alveolar surface area
- Controls fluid movement between interstitium and airspace
Type II Pneumocyte
Regenerates PC I
Secretes surfactant
Maturation of PC 2 occurs at 24 weeks gestation
Bronchioles
Thick O-ring
Risk of Bronchospasm
no gas exchange
