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Soc118 > Quiz 1 > Flashcards

Quiz 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What is the scientific study of the mind and behavior?

A

PSYCHOLOGY

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2
Q

What is the science of human beings;especially:the study of human beings and their ancestors through time and space and in relation to physical character, environmental and social relations, and culture?

A

ANTHROPOLOGY

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3
Q

What is the study concerned with the production, distribution and consumption of goods and services?

A

: ECONOMICS

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4
Q

What is the study of past events, particularly in human affairs?

A

HISTORY

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5
Q

What is the study of the physical features of the earth and its atmosphere, and of human activity as it affects and is affected by these, including the distribution of populations and resources, land use, and industries?

A

geography

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6
Q

What is the scientific study of language and its structure, including the study of morphology, syntax, phonetics, and semantics?

A

LINGUISTICS

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7
Q

What is the branch of knowledge that deals with systems of government; the analysis of political activity and behavior?

A

POLITICAL SCIENCE

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8
Q

What is the study of the development, structure, and functioning of human society

A

SOCIOLOGY

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9
Q

generally understood as an endeavor to understand, explain and predict the world we live in using distinctive methods of enquiry in an attempt to construct theories.

A

Science

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10
Q

Types of sciences

A

Natural Sciences
Social Sciences
Applied Social Sciences

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11
Q

disciplines that deal only with natural events using scientific methods”.

A

Natural Sciences

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12
Q

While the employment of scientific methods is generally regarded as typical but not exclusive of natural sciences, it is the focus on natural events that distinguishes natural from social science.

A

Natural Sciences

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13
Q

human society, societal groups, individuals in their relationships with others or institutions of societies and material goods as expression of human cohabitation

A

SOCIAL Sciences

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14
Q

The practical application of social science knowledge. Emphasis on putting theories into practice.

A

Applied SOCIAL SCIENCES

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15
Q

Characteristics of the Applied Social Sciences

A

Makes use of loose concepts rather than generalized propositions and theories

Not all concepts or theoretical models of SS are equally useful to ApSS

More likely to borrow from their basic disciplines those concepts and theoretical models which can aid ApSS in understanding or producing changes.

When the basic discipline does not provide theoretical systems or concepts to aid the ApSScientist to deal with change, the latter will develop these himself

The new concepts will, in turn, exert pressure to produce modifications in the theories of the basic discipline

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16
Q

This specializes in the operations and management of business institutions

A

BUSINESS MANAGEMENT

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17
Q

Focuses on the study of crime, criminal behavior, and the legal system:

A

CRIMINOLOGY

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18
Q

Provides a background in personnel management, staff training and development, and the crafting and institution of an organization’s policies and procedures:

A

Human Resources and organizational development

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19
Q

Includes the promotion, creative services, public relations, research, consulting, communications, advertisement, strategy, branding, and much more:

A

MARKETING

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20
Q

Concerned with the use of land, protection and use of the environment, public welfare, and the design of the urban environment:

A

URBAN PLANNING

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21
Q

The field specializes in the administrative knowledge needed to meet the demands of corporate technology systems including problem solving, resource allocation, networking, and security:

A

Information Technology Management

22
Q

Provides professionals in clinics, hospitals, private practices, nursing homes, research facilities, and the like with the focused training required to handle the unique management challenges of the healthcare industry:

A

Healthcare Management

23
Q

Social Sciences: ________ perspective

A

MACRO PERSPECTIVE

24
Q

Episteme:

A

Production of knowledge

25
Q

Applied Social Sciences:_____________

A

MICRO PERSPECTIVE

26
Q

Techne

A

Loosely translated into “art” or “craft

27
Q

It is a process, a relationship, an art, a science, and an emerging profession.

A

Counseling

28
Q

when individuals learn about themselves and their interpersonal relationships, and enact behaviors that advance their personal and interpersonal relationships, and enact behaviors that advance their personal development

A

Counseling as a Process

29
Q

Entails a series of steps or actions that are intended for a particular end.

A

Counseling as a Process

30
Q

Counseling as a Process leads clients to a

A

journey of self-exploration,

self-discovery, and even behavior and attitude changes, in some cases.

31
Q

The knowledge and awareness that they will obtain from these sessions would help them

A

make informed choices.

32
Q

A professional relationship between a trained counselor and a client.

A

Counseling as a Relationship

33
Q

Egalitarian by nature means

A

that the power between the counselor and client should be consciously shared by the two parties.

34
Q

Counseling as a Relationship is built on

A

TRUST and CONFIDENTIALITY

35
Q

a flexible and creative process whereby the counselor adjusts the approach to the unique and emerging needs of the client.”

A

Counseling as an Art

36
Q

Delves into the objective realm of the counseling process

A

Counseling as a Science

37
Q

“required to have the skills to formulate objective observations and inferences, test hypotheses, build theories, use psychological tests, and use research methods”

A

Counselor-Scientists

38
Q

Approaches to Psychology

A 
Biological
Psychoanalysis
Cognitive Psychology
Humanism
Behaviorism
39
Q

Focus on genetic, hormonal and neurological chemical explanations of behavior

A

Biological Approach

40
Q

Innate drives of sex and aggression (nature), Social Upbringing during childhood (nurture)

A

Psychoanalysis

41
Q

Innate mental structures such as schemas, perception and memory and constantly changed by the environment

A

Cognitive Psychology

42
Q

Maslow emphasized basic physical needs, society influences a person’s self concept

A

Humanism

43
Q

All behavior is learned from the environment through conditioning

A

Behaviorism

44
Q

Significantly flourished in the 20th century

A

Counseling as an emerging profession

45
Q

A service sought by people in distress or in some degree of confusion who wish to discuss and resolve these in a relationship which is more disciplined and confidential than friendship, and perhaps less stigmatizing than helping relationships offered in traditional or psychiatric settings

A

Counseling as an emerging profession

46
Q

have the opportunity to assist their clients in making choices and solving their problems in various settings such as schools, communities, offices, and clinical settings

A

Counselors

47
Q

Counseling Goals

A

Facilitating behavior change

improving the client’s ability to establish and maintain relationships

Enhancing the client’s effectiveness and ability to cope

Promoting the decision-making process

Facilitating client potential and development

48
Q

McLeod’s (2003) 15 specific goals of counseling:

A

Insight
Relating with others (for meaningful and satisfying relationships)

Self-awareness (awareness of one’s thoughts, feelings, and actions)

Self-acceptance (gaining positive view about oneself)

Self-actualization or individuation (maximizing one’s full potential as an individual)

Enlightenment (achieving a higher state of spirituality)

Problem-solving (developing skills for problem-solving)

Psychological education (attaining an understanding of people’s behaviors)

Acquisition of social skills(enhancement of social and interpersonal skills)

Cognitive change (modifying irrational beliefs or self-defeating thoughts that hinder development)

Behavior change (replacement of maladaptive behavior)

Systemic change (social institutions and processes are improved)

Empowerment (Developing the knowledge, skills, and attitudes for better control in life)

Restitution (making peace with oneself for past mistakes)

Generativity and social action

49
Q

Criteria that counseling goals should meet:

A

It must be a goal shared with the client
The counselor must be willing to help the client achieve this goal
It must be possible to assess the extent to which the client achieves the goal

50
Q

Ethical Principles

A

Autonomy of individuals
Principle of Nonmaleficence
Principle of Justice
Principle of Fidelity

51
Q

General Moral Theories

A 
Empathy
Sincerity
Integrity
Resilience
Respect
Humility
Competence
Fairness
Wisdom 
Courage

Soc118 (5 decks)

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